DISEASES OP THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 143 



Give the treatment. 



Look to the condition with which the congestion is associated, 

 if any be present. 



In the active form, sedatives, in some few cases, may be given. 

 In city practice, most cases require stimulants, as alcohol, car- 

 bonate of ammonia; quinine, belladonna, and nux vomica are in- 

 dicated. 



Counter-irritation, as mustard, especially where the extremi- 

 ties are cold and the pulse is weak. It relieves congestion, stimu- 

 lates the heart, and warms the extremities. 



PULMONAKY (EDEMA. 



What is the synonym ? 



(Edema of the lungs. 



Give the definition. 



It is an accumulation of serosity in the air-cells and bron- 

 chioles, characterized principally by dyspnoea. 



It may be a termination of congestion, or in death from anae- 

 mia, purpura hemorrhagica, diseases of the heart, or brain, or 

 lungs; the death rattles can be heard. 



What is the pathology ? 



The lung is heavy, pits on pressure, looks watery, and a clear 

 serum flows from the cut surface, sometimes admixed with blood. 



A gelatinous, infiltrated appearance is present, and there is an 

 increased tension in the pulmonary system and the presence of 

 watery plasma. 



The blood backs up in the lung capillaries till transudation 

 takes place. 



Give the symptoms. 



There is an increase in the symptoms of the disease present, 

 whether of the kidneys, lungs, heart, or a general disease. Dyspnoea 

 increases, a painful cough is present, there may be a discharge from 

 the nose of a frothy, serous nature. There is an altered resonance, 

 liquid rales are heard on inspiration and expiration. In inflamma- 

 tory oedema fever is present, and some of the signs of pneumonia. 



This condition is seen, in man, with Bright's disease; the 

 ankles swell, it travels up the legs to the belly, and the patient gets 

 water-logged and dies from oedema of the lungs. 



