DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 145 



fuse, the pulse becomes thready, the mucous membrane pale, the 

 extremities cold. 



Haemoptysis comes on suddenly, possibly after a hard drive; 

 the animal coughs, blood comes from the nose and mouth, which 

 may be only an oozing or a sufficient quantity to produce death by 

 suffocation. It is a frothy, bloody discharge. 



Blood coming from the lungs is generally alkaline in reaction, 

 frothy, mixed with mucus. 



Blood-clots may be seen, the shape of the smaller bronchial 

 tubes; bubbles are frequently present in the blood-clots. 



The owner becomes alarmed, but there is no immediate dan- 

 ger, except, possibly, where there is an aortic aneurism. 



Outline the treatment of broncho-pulmonary hemorrhage. 



Before treating, we should look to our physiology; it tells 

 us that the pressure within the pulmonary artery is less than that 

 of the aortic system. 



Experimentally, with drugs, we find that an influence may 

 be made on the blood-pressure of the system, without affecting the 

 pulmonary circulation. 



Ergot causes a rise of blood-pressure in the pulmonary artery, 

 while aconite produces a fall of blood-pressure. 



Iron preparations are good. 



The indications are to reduce the frequency of the heart-beat 

 and to lower blood-pressure. 



Perfect rest and light feeding are important. 



Alcohol is contra-indicated, as a rule, as is digitalis and ergot. 



Sulphuric acid in small doses — one-half ounce — may be bene- 

 ficial. 



Opium relieves the cough and gives beneficial results in these 

 cases, as it slows the heart's action. 



Aconite is good where there is much vascular excitement, as it 

 lowers blood-pressure. 



Purgation is beneficial for the same reason. 



The danger is the filling up of the bronchial system with blood, 

 so that in these cases cough should be encouraged and not stopped. 



Locally, cold applications to chest. 



Inhalations of vapor of vinegar. 



