164 PRACTICE OP EQUINE MEDICINE. 



absence of all respiratory sound below and bronchial breathing 

 above. 



During the third stage the returning of the pleuritic friction 



sound. 



"What diseases may be mistaken for pleurisy ? 



Pneumonia and bronchitis, principally. 



What is the differential diagnosis between pleurisy and 

 pneumonia ? 



Pleurisy is a bilateral disease, while pneumonia, in ninety-nine 

 cases out of one hundred, is unilateral. 



Pleurisy, temperature is high at the beginning, but later 103° 

 to 101° F., while in pneumonia the temperature is high all through 

 —104° to 106° F. 



In the first stage of pleurisy, on auscultation, the pleuritic 

 friction sound is heard, while in pneumonia the crepitant rale. 



In the second stage of pleurisy there is flatness on percussion 

 over the fluid, limited above by a horizontal line on both sides of 

 the chest, whereas, in pneumonia, dulness over the affected part, 

 limited by an uneven line (generally one side) . 



Give the differential diagnosis between pleurisy and 

 bronchitis. 



In pleurisy the temperature is high at onset, then lower, while 

 in bronchitis the temperature is usually high; in pleurisy, on per- 

 cussion, second stage, flatness; while bronchitis — percussion — 

 resonance is obtained. 



In pleurisy, the pleuritic grunt; in bronchitis, sibilant and 

 sonorous rales during the first stage. In pleurisy, loss of all res- 

 piratory sound (second stage) ; in bronchitis, mucous rales coming 

 and going (second stage). 



The prognosis. 



It is most always grave, the animal usually dying from as- 

 th enia. 



As a rule, where there is a good deal of fibrine thrown out the 

 animals get better. 



If they eat well, and the fever is not too high in the beginning, 

 and the heart is strong, the prognosis is more favorable. 



