DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 241 



In feeding, the animal masticates a while, but soon stops, the food 

 protruding or dropping from the mouth. 



At times paroxysms of fear present themselves, the animal 

 running forward, pulling backward, etc., which symptoms soon 

 disappear, the animal becoming comatose again. 



When in motion the head is low down, the feet are raised 

 high in the air, somewhat similar to a partially blind horse or one 

 walking in water. At times there is stumbling, they travel slowly 

 or refuse to work, and it is difficult to back them; in backing they 

 drag the feet, often tearing up the earth. 



Give some of the general symptoms. 



The pulse is slow, often being 20 or 30 beats per minute; the 

 bowels are torpid; the condition of the body is good (they look 

 fat). In hot weather they are apt to have the symptoms increased, 

 and are liable to do damage if vertigo should occur; in cold weather 

 the symptoms abate. 



How is the affection diagnosed ? 



By the symptoms, but in many cases where the symptoms are 

 vague it becomes necessary to raise blood pressure by having the 

 animal galloped for a time. This often increases the symptoms. 



What is the prognosis? 



These eases are chronic in their course, and often remain- 

 stationary for years unless increased by food, work, climate, etc.. 

 It is very rare to have these cases recover. 



What is the treatment in chronic hydrocephalus? 



No satisfactory mode of treatment has yet been recommended 

 that will cure; these cases may be relieved. 



Good hygienic conditions, moderate work, careful feeding, etc.,, 

 are essential. 



If paroxysms of fear are shown, bleed or purge; then potas- 

 sium bromide, chloral, etc. 



Diuretics and absorbents are beneficial; colchicum, potassium 

 nitrate, potassium iodide, etc., are among the best known remedies. 



What affections occur in which horses may be found 

 down? 



They may be down and unable to arise (except possibly with 

 great difficulty) in paralysis, myelitis, apoplexy of the spinal cord? 



