INTOXICATIONS. 247 



is a feeble pulse, the respirations are quickened, but are free; the 

 temperature is not so high. 



What is the morbid anatomy? 



Rigor mortis occurs early, and putrefactive changes develop 

 very rapidly. 



The venous engorgement is extreme, especially in the cerebrum. 



The left ventricle is contracted and the right dilated. 



The blood is usually fluid, the lungs congested, and changes 

 occur in the tissue proper of the liver and kidneys. 



Give the prognosis. 



Favorable indications are the recovery of consciousness and a 

 fall in the temperature and increase in the amount of strength. 



Laminitis, congestion of the lungs, colic, etc., may be the 

 sequela?. 



How is this condition diagnosed ? 



It is well for us to differentiate between heat-exhaustion and 

 thermic fever. 



In solar exhaustion the skin is moist, pale, and cool; the res- 

 pirations are easy and accelerated, the pulse is soft and small, the 

 vital forces show temporary depression, and the senses remain 

 intact. 



Whereas in sunstroke there are usually unconsciousness and 

 pyrexia. 



Thermic fever is recognized by the history of exposure, the 

 high temperature, dryness of the skin, the suddenness of the attack, 

 the reflexes being normal, and the absence of paralysis. 



Outline the treatment. 



Keep the animal in a cool place out of the direct rays of the 

 sun, and keep him as quiet as possible. 



Cold applications to the head or the body, and cold injections 

 per rectum. 



Stimulants may be necessary, the use of carbonate of ammonia, 

 etc.; also brandy hypodermically may be indicated. 



Ether, chloroform, in some cases chloral hydrate, especially 

 where cerebral symptoms predominate, to quiet the animal. 



Belladonna to combat congestion, quinine to reduce the fever, 

 and nux vomica to tone up the nerves are often beneficial. 



The use of purgatives, or, in some cases, bleeding. 



