368 POULTRY CULTURE 



resemblance to the Leghorn type is striking, on the whole they 

 seem more closely allied to the Hamburgs and Polish. The breeds 

 which may be considered quite distinctively Italian in origin are 

 the Magyar of Hungary and the Lakenvelder of Germany. The 

 Magyar is said to more closely resemble the native Italian fowls 

 than do the Leghorns of England. The color varieties of the 

 Magyar are black, red, yellow, white, and speckled. The variety 

 called red is the Brown Leghorn with red ear lobes. The Laken- 

 velder is a fowl of the Leghorn type, with an ermine color pattern 

 in which the black is more prevalent than in the varieties of the 

 Asiatic and American classes having that pattern. It is a new 

 arrival in America and seems to be growing in popularity. 



Mid-European laying types. The modern types of the central 

 European races of fowls, as known in America, have been received 

 principally from England, after having been modified to conform 

 to English ideals. To appreciate fully the relations of the Medi- 

 terranean and mid-European types it is necessary to study the 

 latter as they were before being taken in hand by British fanciers. 

 These races may be divided into two general classes, the familiar 

 representatives of the classes being the Hamburgs and the Polish. 



The Hamburg as developed by fanciers is a rose-combed breed, 

 the shape of the comb being considered a breed character. As 

 first brought to England they had both rose and single combs, 

 as the native stocks on the continent of Europe from which the 

 modern exhibition Hamburgs were originally derived still have. 

 In these stocks, indeed, the single comb is the more common 

 and is regarded as most typical. The color of skin and legs is thus 

 the only general character distinguishing this mid- European type 

 from the Leghorn, and as in this character it is like the Spanish 

 races of the Mediterranean class, it is apparent that the idea of 

 fundamental breed differences between these races has no real 

 foundation. 



The Polish races present, with body type similar to that of the 

 other races that we have been considering, a very different develop- 

 ment of head appurtenances. The comb is split, V-shaped, and 

 very small, and the wattles and ear lobes are of corresponding size. 

 These head embellishments, so conspicuous in the other represent- 

 atives of the laying type, almost disappear in the Polish. They 



