196 



PIONEERS OF EVOLUTION. 



mal (Von Baer's law otherwise expressed); in the 

 aggregate of organisms throughout geologic time; 

 in the mind; in society; in all products of social 

 activity. 



6. The process of integration, acting locally as 

 well as generally, combines with the process of dif- 

 ferentiation to render this change not simply from 

 homogeneity to heterogeneity, but from an indefinite 

 homogeneity to a definite heterogeneity; and this 

 trait of increasing definiteness, which accompanies 

 the trait of increasing heterogeneity, is, like it, ex- 

 hibited in the totality of things and in all its divisions 

 and subdivisions down to the minutest. 



7. Along with this redistribution of the matter 

 composing any evolving aggregate there goes on a 

 redistribution of the retained motion of its com- 

 ponents in relation to one another; this also becomes, 

 step by step, more definitely heterogeneous. 



8. In the absence of a homogeneity that is in- 

 finite and absolute, that redistribution, of which evo- 

 lution is one phase, is inevitable. The causes which 

 necessitate it are these — 



9. The instability of the homogeneous, which is 

 consequent upon the different exposures of the dif- 

 ferent parts of any limited aggregate to incident 

 forces. 



The transformations hence resulting are — 



10. The multiplication of effects. Every mass 

 and part of a mass on which a force falls subdivides, 

 and differentiates that force, which thereupon pro- 



