FOR PROFIT. 163 



developed insect, a wash containing nicotine is much 

 recommended, and could be used on a small scale ; 

 but its cost for extensive washings would be pro- 

 hibitive. Action is being taken to get de-naturalised 

 tobacco and nicotine at a cheap rate. 



Caterpillar. — Moths which lay their eggs on 

 Fruit Trees, and the Caterpillars of which feed in 

 spring upon the young foliage, are of many kinds, 

 and are known roughly as " Winter Moths." They 

 may be divided into two classes, those with winged 

 females, and those like bugs without wings. The 

 winged class are hard to deal with. They may be 

 attracted by light, and a bottle trap of sweet liquid 

 or treacle and beer will catch very many. Owing to 

 the difference in the time ot their hatching out these 

 methods are not very satisfactory, and it is usual to 

 deal with them in the Caterpillar state with arsenical 

 washes as detailed below. The wingless female class 

 are easier to combat, as they are trapped by grease 

 bands placed round the stem of the tree, which catch 

 the females ascending to lay their eggs. The chief 

 member of this class is the Winter Moth (Cheimatobia 

 brumatai ; and the bands must be in working order 

 for this pest by October ist. Waterproofed paper of 

 a tough nature is used, and a good grease {see Chapman's 

 advi.) should be spread in a narrow band, say three 

 inches wide, thickly rather than a wide thin layer. 

 The bands must be constantly looked over, and if they 

 are drying up, replenished with fresh material at 

 once. The March Moth is the latest of this class, 

 and the bands must therefore be kept going till mid- 

 March, when this pest is prevalent. About mid-April 

 the freshly-hatched Caterpillars may be found curled 



