54 



VENOMOUS SNAKES AND THE PHENOMENA OF THEIR VENOMS 



list showing the Geographical Distribution of Venomous Snakes. 



ASIA. 



colubrid^e. 

 Opisthoglypha. 

 Dipsadomorphince. 



Dipsadomorphus trigonatus. 

 cyaneus. 

 kraspelini. 

 Coelopeltis monspessulana. 

 Psammodynastes pulverulentus. 

 Elachistodontmce. 



Elachistodon westermanni. 

 Homalopsina. 



Homalopsis buccata. 



Cerberus rhynchops s. Hurria 



chops. 

 Hypsirhina plumbea s 

 plumbea. 

 Proteroglypha. 

 Elapince. 



Naja tripudians compris- 

 ing varieties N. tripudi- 

 ans typica, N. tripudians 

 caeca, N. tripudians 

 fasciata, N. tripudians 

 sputatrix, N. tripudians 

 leucodira, N. tripudians 

 miolepis. 

 Naja samarensis. 

 Naja bungarus s. Ophio- 

 phagus elaps s. Hama- 

 dryas (king cobra). 



rhyn- 



Enhydris 



India, 

 Ceylon, 

 Burma, 

 China, 

 Dutch 

 India, 

 Philip- 

 pines. 



Bungarus fasciatus 

 (banded krait). 



Bungarus candidus var. 

 cseruleus and multicinc- 

 tus (common krait). 



Bungarus ceylonicus. 

 Iividus. 



Hemibungarus colligaster. 

 collaris. 

 nigrescens. 

 japonicus. 

 boettgeri. 



Callophis gracilis. 



trimaculatus. 



maculiceps. 



macclellandii. 



bibronii. 



univirgatus. 



Doliophis bivirgatus. 

 intestinalis. 

 bilineatus. 

 philippinus. 



India, 

 Ceylon, 

 Burma, 

 Indo- 

 China, 

 southern 

 China, 

 Dutch 

 India, 

 Borneo. 



Southeast- 

 em Asia, 

 India, 

 Japan, 

 Philip- 

 pines. 



Burma, 

 Indo- 

 China, 

 Formosa, 

 southern 

 China. 



1 Indo- 

 China, 

 Malay Pe- 

 ninsula. 



HydrophiincB. 

 Distira ornata. 



subcincta. 



cyanocincta. 



jerdonii. 



Gulf of Persia, 

 Indian Ocean, 

 Gulf of Bengal, 

 Strait of Malacca, 

 Sea of China, 



ASIA. — (Continued.) 

 Coltjbeid^;. 

 Proteroglypha. 

 HydrophiincB. 



Philippines, 

 Acalyptus peronii. 



Hydrophis obscurus 

 spiralis, 

 cserulescens. 

 nigrocinctus 



Malay 

 Archipelago. 



gracilis, 

 cantoris, 

 fasciatus. 

 leptodira. 

 Enhydrina valakadien s. 



bengalensis. 

 Hydrus platurus s. Pela- 



mis bicolor. 

 Thalassophis anomalus. 

 Enhydris curtus. 



hardwickii. 

 Platurus laticaudatus s. 

 fischeri. 

 colubrinus. 

 muelleri. 

 Hydrelaps darwiniensis. 

 Aipysurus eydouxii. 

 annulatus. 

 laevis. 



Tropical 

 and sub- 

 tropical 

 parts of 

 Indian and 

 Pacific 

 Oceans. 



Viperid^;. 

 Proteroglypha (Soleno- 

 glypha). 

 Viperince. 

 Vipera berus s. Pelias 

 berus. 

 renardii. 

 raddii. 

 Iebetina. 

 russellii s. V. ele- 

 gans s. Daboia. 



Turkestan, 



Ural Mts., 



Siberia, 



Caucasus, 



Persia, 



Armenia, 



western 



China, India, 



Ceylon, 



Himalayas. 



Pseudocerastes persicus Persia. 



Cerastes cornutus. . . .Arabia, Palestine. 



Echis carinatus s. 

 Phoorsa. 



Crotalince. 



Arabia, 

 Persia, India, 

 Beluchistan, 

 Afghanistan. 



Ancistrodon halys. 



intermedius. 



blomhoffii. 

 Ancistrodon blomhoffii bre- 

 vicaudus. 



himalayanus. 



acutus. 



rhodostoma. 



hypnale. 



Trans- 

 Caspia, 

 Turkes- 

 tan, 

 Hima- 

 layas, 

 southern 

 China, 

 Formosa, 

 Japan, 

 Ceylon, 

 Java. 



