76 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Coloration.—(I.) Adult males black with white spots on wing- 
coverts, white tips to rectrices (or lateral rectrices mostly white), 
and interscapulars pure white basally; adult females slate color or 
blackish above, with white markings as in adult males, under parts 
cinnamon-rufous or chestnut. (II.) Adult males brownish gray, 
brown, or rufescent above, the wing-coverts black with terminal 
white spots, the lateral rectrices also tipped with white; chin, throat, 
chest, and median portion of breast (sometimes abdomen also) black, 
the sides and flanks whitish, grayish or fulvous; adult females similar 
but without black on under parts. 
Range.—Southern Mexico to Cayenne, southeastern Brazil, Bolivia, 
and Peru. (About seven species.)¢ 
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MICRORHOPIAS, 
a. Upper parts black, the feathers of back pure white basally. (Microrhopias bou- 
cardi.) 
b. White tips to lateral rectrices smaller (5-7 mm. long on outermost rectrix). 
c. Flanks usually slate color. (Southeastern Mexico to Honduras.) 
; Microrhopias boucardi boucardi, adult male (p. 78). 
ec. Flanks usually black. (Nicaragua to Panama.) 
Microrhopias boucardi virgata, adult male (p. 79). 
bb. White tip to lateral rectrices larger (9-12 mm., or more, long on outermost 
pair). (Colombia to Cayenne and western Ecuad6ér.) 
Microrhopias boucardi consobrina, adult male (p. 80). 
aa. Upper parts not black. 
b. Feathers of back abruptly pure white basally; under parts wholly tawny or 
chestnut. (Microrhoptas boucardt.) 
c. White tip to lateral rectrices smaller (about 5-7 mm. long on outermost rec- 
trix); under parts lighter than chestnut, upper parts more grayish slaty. 
d. Under parts tawny...Microrhopias boucardi boucardi, adult female (p. 78). 
dd. Under parts deep cinnamon-rufous or rufous-chestnut. 
Microrhopias boucardi virgata, adult female (p. 80). 
ce. White tip to lateral rectrices larger (10-15 mm. long on outermost rectrix); 
under parts deep chestnut, upper parts more blackish slaty. 
Microrhopias boucardi consobrina, adult female (p. 80). 
bb. Feathers of back not white basally; under parts not tawny or chestnut. (Micro- 
rhopias grisea.) 
ce. Sides of head, throat, chest, and breast uniform black. (Adult males.) 
d. General color of upper parts darker (deep grayish sepia or purplish brownish 
slate color). 
@ Tam very doubtful whether the group comprising Turdus griseus Boddaert, Formi- 
civora intermedia Cabanis, and Thamnophilus rufater Lafresnaye and D’Orbigny should 
be included in this genus, for apart from the very different style of coloration, these 
species differ from Microrhopias proper in obsolete instead of conspicuously developed 
rictal bristles, much longer tarsus, and some other less marked characters. 
