BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 159 
KEY TO THE CENTRAL AMERICAN GENERA OF FURNARIIDZ.® 
a. Maxillary tomium with a distinct (though small) subterminal notch; outer toe 
united to middle toe by the whole of its first and second phalanges and at least 
half of its third phalanx; tarsus indistinctly scutellate (smooth on inner side); 
tail less than three times as long as tarsus, the rectrices with very rigid shafts, 
whose denuded tips are not protruded. (Sclerurinz.)........ Sclerurus (p. 163). 
aa. Maxillary tomium without trace of notch; outer toe united to middle toe by 
not more than whole of its first and second phalanges (usually by less than 
whole of its first phalanx); tarsus distinctly scutellate; tail more than three 
times as long as tarsus,? the rectrices without rigid shafts or else with the atten- 
uated or acuminate tips not denuded but protruded. (Furnartinz.) 
b. Maxilla with tip not at all decurved, but with tomia ascending (more or less 
strongly) terminally; mandible strongly recurved (falcate) terminally. 
c. Outer toe not conspicuously (though distinctly) longer than inner toe, reach- 
ing (without claw) only to middle of subterminal phalanx of middle toe; 
outer toe with first and second phalanges united to middle toe; bill relatively 
shorter and stouter, the exposed culmen decidedly shorter than tarsus; tip 
of rectrices normal...........2- 22.222 ee eee eee eee eee ees Xenops (p. 170). 
cc. Outer toe conspicuously longer than inner toe, reaching (without claw) much 
beyond middle of subterminal phalanx of middle toe; outer toe with only 
its first phalanx united to middle toe; bill relatively longer and more 
slender, the exposed culmen as long as tarsus; tips of rectrices (except 
lateral ones) attenuated, stiffened, and decurved. 
Pygarrhicus (extralimital).¢ 
bb. Maxilla with tip more or less distinctly decurved, the tomia more or less 
decurved or descending terminally; mandible not recurved terminally (or 
else tip of maxilla decurved). 
c. Nostril narrow, longitudinal, distinctly operculate. 
d. Tarsus shorter than middle toe with claw; outer toe with first phalanx 
and at least part of second phalanx united to middle toe. (Margaror- 
nithes.) 
e. Wing longer (nearly four times to more than four times as long as tarsus) 
and more pointed, the primaries exceeding secondaries by at least 
length of exposed culmen, sometimes by length of tarsus; bill relatively 
shorter, the exposed culmen much shorter than middle toe without 
claw; inner webs of remiges crossed by a broad band or with an extensive 
basal area of buff or ochraceous. 
f. Tail graduated for only about one-third its length, with tip of rectrices 
(except outer ones) excessively acuminate, the slender points con- 
spicuously protruded; wing more than four times as long as tarsus; 
inner webs of remiges crossed by a broad sub-basal band of buff or 
OCHTACEO USS Hse La uve ss ciciansdogweted emi ae eeieading Margarornis (p. 177). 
ff. Tail excessively graduated (for much more than half its length), with 
tips of rectrices not distinctly acuminate, the minute slender points 
@ Including, for comparison, a few related extralimital genera. 
b The proportionate length of tail and tarsus, as a subfamily character, will prob- 
ably not apply to some of the exclusively South American genera. 
¢ Pygarrhicus Burmeister, Handb. der Naturg., 1837, 769. Type, Dendrocolaptes 
albigularis King.—Dendrodramus Gould, Zool. Voy. ‘‘Beagle,”’ iii, 1841, 82. Type, 
Dendrocolaptes albigularis King.—Dromodendron Gray, List Gen. Birds, 1842, App., 
p. 6. Type, Dendrocolaptes albigularis King. (Southern Chile and southwestern 
Argentina; monotypic.) 
