BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 229 
Range.—Southern Mexico to Cayenne, southeastern Brazil, Bolivia, 
and Ecuadér. (About twelve species.) 
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF DENDROCOLAPTES. 
a. Pileum barred or transversely lunulated with black. (Dendrocolaptes sancti- 
thomez.) 
b. Pileum distinctly more rufescent or tawny than color of back; back more broadly 
or more distinctly barred; bars on under parts broader. (Southeastern Mexico 
to western Panamé.)..... Dendrocolaptes sancti-thome sancti-thome (p. 229). 
bb. Pileum nearly (sometimes quite) concolor with back; back more narrowly or 
less distinctly barred; bars on under parts narrower. (Southwestern Costa 
Rica and adjacent part of western Panamé.) 
Dendrocolaptes sancti-thome hesperius (p. 232). 
aa. Pileum streaked with buffy or whitish. 
b. Pileum blackish, with narrow (and indistinct?) buffy streaks; chest with pale 
buffy or whitish predominating (the mesial streaks broader). (Guatemala.) 
Dendrocolaptes puncticollis (p. 2325). 
bb. Pileum grayish brown, with broader and more distinct streaks; chest with 
brown predominating, the buffy mesial streaks narrower. (Dendrocolaptes 
validus.) 
c. Chest more distinctly and regularly streaked; under parts less extensively 
barred. (Colombia, etc.)...Dendrocolaptes validus validus? (extralimital).¢ 
cc. Chest less distinctly or more irregularly streaked (the streaks broken along 
edges by black dots or bars) and under parts more extensively streaked. 
(Costa Rica and Panam4; Nicaragua?; northwestern Colombia?). 
Dendrocolaptes validus costaricensis (p. 233). 
DENDROCOLAPTES SANCTI-THOM SANCTI-THOM (Lafresnaye). 
BARRED WOODHEWER. 
Adults (sexes alike) —Pileum and hindneck dull cinnamon-rufous 
or russet marked with crescentic bars or lunules of black; back, 
scapulars, and smaller (lesser and middle) wing-coverts olive-brown 
(nearly raw-umber to mars brown), barred, more or less distinctly, 
with black; rump, upper tail-coverts, tail, and proximal secondaries 
deep cinnamon-rufous or chestnut (the tail usually darker, more 
chestnut, than other parts), the shafts of rectrices darker; primaries 
and distal secondaries deep cinnamon-rufous edged, more or less 
broadly, with grayish brown or olive, the inner webs of longer prima- 
a Of these the following have been examined in this connection: D. picumnus 
Lichtenstein, D. validus Tschudi, D. certhia (Boddaert), D. obsoletus Ridgway, D. 
radiolatus Sclater and Salvin, and D. sancti-thomex (Lafresnaye). 
oI have not seen a specimen of this form, and, as stated on p. 233, the published 
descriptions do not clearly indicate the differences from D. validus. 
¢ Dendrocolaptes validus Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, Aves, 1845, 242, pl. 21, fig. 2 
(Peru); Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xv, 1890, 172, part —Dendrocolaptes multistri- 
gatus Eyton, Jardine’s Contr, Orn., 1851, 75 (locality not indicated; coll. Derby Mus.). 
I have not seen a Peruvian specimen of this species, and am therefore not at all sure 
that the Colombian specimens (chiefly from the Santa Marta district), with which I 
have compared Costa Rican examples, are subspecifically the same. 
