BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 845 
row ridge; tomia smooth; maxilla with a rather broad longitudinal 
groove above middle line. Nasal operculum rather narrow, nearly 
straight along edge, mostly nude, the frontal feathering extending 
to or beyond the middle of operculum (sometimes nearly to its 
anterior end), forming a short point or antia on each side of the 
mesorhinium. Tarsus naked; lateral toes about equal, slightly shorter 
than middle toe, the hallux about as long as lateral toes. Wing less 
than half to more than twice as long as exposed culmen,, the outer- 
most primary longest. Tail about half as long as wing, truncated 
or slightly rounded, the rectrices very firm, rounded or, sometimes, 
rather pointed at tip. 
Coloration.—Above bronze, greenish bronze or bronze-green, or 
olive glossed with metallic bronze, etc., the rump with a white spot 
or streak; adults with throat (at least its lower portion) metallic red 
or purple, the remaining under parts grayish (sometimes glossed with 
bronze or greenish laterally) paler (sometimes white) along median 
line; under tail-coverts white terminally and laterally, dusky grayish 
centrally; outer rectrices tipped with white. Some species with 
pileum bright metallic blue or green. 
Range.—Mexico to Guiana, Bolivia, and Ecuadér. (About six 
species.) 
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANTHOSCENUS. 
a, Feathers of throat without paler margins; adult males with forehead and crown 
bright metallic blue or bluish green, very different from color of back, etc. 
b. Under tail-coverts mostly white. (Ecuadér.) 
Anthoscenus albicrissa (extralimital).¢ 
bb. Under tail-coverts mostly dusky. (Anthoscenus longirostris.) 
c. Adult males with forehead and crown blue or greenish blue. (Amazon Valley, 
Guiana, and Trinidad to Costa Rica.) 
Anthoscenus longirostris longirostris (p. 346). 
ce. Adult male with forehead and crown bluish green. (Guatemala and southern 
MeOR1COsn 02 oes eeaice were Anthoscenus longirostris pallidiceps (p. 349). 
aa. Feathers of throat narrowly margined with pale grayish or dull whitish (very 
conspicuous when viewed from behind); adult males with forehead and crown 
dull metallic green or bronze-green, concolor with back or duller. (Anthoscenus 
constanttt.) 
b. Coloration darker; metallic red of throat more extensive, occupying most if not 
all of throat; chin sooty blackish. (Guatemala to Costa Rica.) 
Anthoscenus constantii constantii (p. 350). 
bb. Coloration paler, at least below; metallic red of throat more restricted, con- 
fined to extreme lower portion; chin and upper throat grayish. (South- 
western and western Mexico.)....- Anthoscenus constantii leocadiz (p. 352). 
@ Heliomaster albicrissa Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, 504 (Citado, Ecuadér; 
coll. J. Gould).—Heliomastes albicrissa Mulsant and Verreaux, Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouch., 
ii, 1876, 274.—Floricola albicrissa Elliot, Classif. and Synop. Troch., 1879, 83; Salvin, 
Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xvi, 1892, 231.—F[loricola] albicrissa Hartert, Das Tierreich, 
Troch., 1900, 192.—[Floricola] long [irostris] albicrissa Simon, Cat. Troch., 1897, 37. 
