BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 613 
ones sometimes with the central area pale grayish or brownish ter- 
minally; bill, etc., as in adult male; length (skins), 79-90 (85); 
wing, 43-45 (44.4); tail, 24.5-28 (26.4); exposed culmen, 17-19 (18).¢ 
Young male.—Similar to the adult female but upper tail-coverts 
cinnamon-rufous, with a terminal spot of metallic bronze-green; 
middle pair of rectrices cinnamon-rufous with terminal portion 
metallic bronze-green (sometimes partly blackish) the lateral rec- 
trices with white tip smaller and cinnamon-rufous deeper and more 
extensive, and feathers of throat with a terminal mesial spot or streak 
of dusky metallic bronze or bronze-green. 
Young female.—Similar to the adult female but feathers of upper 
parts (especially rump and upper tail-coverts) narrowly and indis- 
tinctly margined terminally with pale dull cinnamon or buffy, and 
throat spotted or streaked with dark bronzy, as in young male. 
Western North America; north to coast district of Alaska as far 
as latitude 61° (Kagle Lake; Glacier; Lake Bennett); east to Alberta 
(Banff, headwaters of Peace River, and 15 miles south of Henry 
House, breeding), Montana (Flathead Lake, breeding; Chief Moun- 
tain Lake; Nyack, June 22; Columbia Falls), Wyoming (Carbon, 
July), Colorado (breeding at from 6,500-10,500 feet), and New 
Mexico (upper Pecos River, 7,500-9,000 feet, breeding; Deer Springs 
and Inscription Rock, July); breeding southward to higher moun- 
tains of New Mexico and Arizona (Santa Catalina range), northern 
California (lower McCloud River; Mount Shasta; Camp Bidwell; 
Humboldt Bay and northward along coast) and southward along 
coast to Santa Clara County and in Sierra Nevada at least to Cal- 
averas County (Big Trees), as well as, locally (in Transition and 
Canadian zones), throughout the general range; in winter some 
migrating southward to Lower California (San Quintin; Cerros 
Island), Santa Barbara Islands, and over highlands of Mexico, through 
States of Sonora (San José Mountains, August), Zacatecas (Plateado, 
September; Xeres, September; Sierra de Valpariaso, August), Michoa- 
can (Patzcuaro, August), Colima (Volcan de Colima, January), Mexico 
(near City of Mexico; Ajusco; Tetelco; Tlalpi4m, December; Volcan de 
Toluca, September), San Luis Potosi (mountains near Jestis Maria, 
September) and Vera Cruz (Miradér) to Oaxaca (La Parada; 15 miles 
west of Oaxaca City, September). 
[Trochilus] rufus Gurtin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 497 (Nootka Sound, British 
Colombia; based on Ruffed Honeysucker Pennant, Arctic Zool., ii, 290; 
Ruff-necked Humming Bird Latham, Gen. Synop., i, pt. 2, 785).—LatHam, 
Index Orn., i, 1790, 315. 
Trochilus rufus Jarpine, Nat. Libr., Humming birds, ii, 1833, 97, pl. 11.— 
AupuBoN, Orn. Biog., iv, 1838, 555, pl. 379.—Nurraut, Man. Orn. U. 8S. 
and Can., 2d ed., i, 1840, 714.—AmERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ Union, Check 
a Eleven specimens. 
