BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 751 
Bill strong, as deep as broad at nostrils, the culmen strongly 
curved, sometimes distinctly ridged, sometimes rounded; gonys 
shorter than mandibular rami, more or less convex, ascending ter- 
minally; anterior half of mandibular tomia strongly but irregularly 
serrate, the maxillary rami less strongly so; tip of mandible pro- 
duced into a distinct ascending point. Nostril rounded, nonoper- 
culate, mostly concealed by strong, antrorse, decurved bristles. 
Feathering of head normal; feathers of chin and malar apex antrorse, 
bristle-like, the former strongly recurved; seventh, sixth, or seventh 
and sixth primaries longest, the tenth (outermost) less than half as 
long as the longest; tail equal to or slightly longer than wing, gradu- 
ated for more than one-third its length, the middle rectrices truncate, 
the lateral ones subtruncate, at tip. Tarsus decidedly shorter than 
longest anterior toe, feathered for upper half or more; anterior toes 
united for basal and part of second phalanx. 
Coloration.—Adult males with upper parts (except wings and, 
sometimes, head), metallic green or blue, the middle rectrices tipped 
with black; wings black or blackish slate; chest slate-blackish or 
glossed with metallic bluish green, blue, or violet, the remaining 
under parts orange-yellow or (in T. batrdit) reddish orange or orange- 
red; lateral rectrices extensively white terminally and on outer 
web or very broadly tipped with white. Adult females with head, 
neck, chest, and upper parts plain slate color, the wing-coverts 
sometimes narrowly barred with white. 
Range.—Western Mexico to Peru and eastern Brazil. (Five 
species.) 
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TROGON. 
a. Back, scapulars, rump, upper tail-coverts, and middle rectrices brightly metallic 
green or blue. (Adult males.) ; 
6. Pileum and chest glossed, more or less, with metallic blue or violet. 
ce. Posterior under parts reddish orange or orange-red. (Southwestern Costa 
Rica and western Panam4.)...........- Trogon bairdii, adult male (p. 752). 
cc. Posterior under parts orange-yellow. (Trogon strigilatus.) 
d. Lateral rectrices less extensively white (the basal black on outermost pair 
extending much beyond the under tail-coverts. (Caribbean slope: of 
Colombia to Cayenne, upper Amazons, and southeastern Brazil.) 
Trogon strigilatus strigilatus (and other South American subspecies), 
adult male (extralimital).¢ 
@ [Trogon] strigilatus Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 167, no."1 (=adult female; 
based on Trogon cayanensis cinereus Brisson, Orn., iv, 165, pl. 16, fig. 1).—Trogon 
strigilatus Stephens, Shaw’s Gen. Zool., ix, 1815, 10.—| Trogon] viridis Linnzeus, Syst. 
Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 167, no. 3 (=adult male; based on Trogon cayanensis viridis 
Brisson, Orn., iv, 168, pl. 17, fig. 1).—Trogon viridis Stephens, Shaw’s Gen. Zool., ix, 
1815, 11, pl. 4; Gould, Mon. Trog., ed. 2, 1869, pl. 21 and text; Grant, Cat. Birds 
Brit. Mus., xvii, 1892, 458.—A[ganus] viridis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iv, 
Feb., 1863, 196.—Trogon leverianus Shaw, Mus. Lever., 1792, 175, with plate 
(Cayenne; coll. Leverian Mus.).—T{rogon] albiventer‘Cuviér, Régne Anim., i, 1829, 
459 (based on Levaillant, Couroucous, pl. 5).—Trogon melanopterus Swainson, 
