OF THE SADDLE AND SIRLOIN CLUB 307 
and immediately set about bringing the work up to date. An 
office force of five clerks was increased to about twenty who 
worked in day and night shifts, and when in 1903 the location 
of the office was changed from Springfield to Chicago in the new 
Pedigree Record building, the work of registration was well in 
hand. He continued as breed secretary until his death, April 2, 
1912. 
Mr. Groves inaugurated two changes in the record system of 
Shorthorns which in addition to economizing space had an excel- 
lent influence on the habit of pedigree thinking among Shorthorn 
breeders. The clumsy system of the earlier volumes wherein 
a cow was given a page and volume number was replaced by 
registration numbers similar to those used in the bulls. Further- 
more, instead of printing the extended pedigree with its undue 
weight on imported or foundation cows, a single line system 
was adopted which gave sire and dam only, omitting the previ- 
ously stressed female descent. 
