THE FEEDS 349 



to aid in the assimilation of concentrated rations. Because 

 of its laxative tendencies, however, it should not form over 

 10 per cent, of the ration. It is undesirable for use in wet 

 mashes because it tends to gum up the mash, making it 

 diflBcult for the fowls to eat. 



The average amounts of the nutrients found in 100 pounds 

 of old process (O.P.) oil meal are 9.1 (9.6) pounds of water, 

 5.4 (5.6) pounds of ash, 33.9 (36.9) pounds of crude protein, 

 44.1 (45) pounds of carbohydrates, of which 8.4 (8.7) 

 pounds are fiber, and 7.5 (2.9) pounds are fat. The figures in 

 parentheses represent the amounts in the new process meal. 



Red Dog Flour. — This is similar to middlings, but more 

 nearly approaches the patent grades of flour. It is richer 

 in gluten and has a wider nutritive ratio. It is a valuable 

 feed when it can be secured at a reasonable price. Like mid- 

 dlings, it should be lightened up with some more bulky feed. 



Shorts (Wheat) .— Shorts are composed chiefly of the outer 

 portions of the wheat kernel which lie nearer the starch 

 than those which go to make up bran. It is practically fine 

 bran mixed with low-grade flour. Shorts usually contain less 

 fiber, protein, and ash and more carbohydrate and fat than 

 bran. Very many markets do not distinguish between shorts 

 and middlings. 



The average amounts of the nutrients found in 100 pounds 

 of wheat shorts' are 10.5 pounds of water, 4.4 pounds of ash, 

 17.4 pounds of crude protein, 62.8 pounds of carbohydrates, 

 of. which 6 pounds are fiber, and 4.9 pounds are fat. The 

 proportions of these digestible for chickens have not been 

 determined. 



Sugar. — Hartwell and Kirkpatrick^ found that the addition 

 of sugar at rates varying from 20 to 100 grams for each quart 

 of milk added to a mash made up of 5 parts corn meal, 1 

 part wheat bran, and | part whole milk, and fed to Rhode 

 Island Red chicks weighing 1.1 lbs., for two and three weeks, 

 for the purpose of finishing them off as broilers, did not bring 

 increased gains, nor an increased palatability, as shown by 

 the amount of feed consumed. 



» Rhode Island Bulletin No. 145. 



