FEEDING PRACTICES AND APPLIANCES 413 



Watering Pan. — A perfect watering device should keep the 

 water clean and cool in warm weather, and be of such 

 construction that it may be easily cleaned and freezing 



Fig. 183 



An outdoor hopper. (Courtesy of Cornell University.) 

 Fig. 184 



■4-41 — '^ 



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Working plans of the double outdoor hopper shown in Fig. 183. 



will not injure its usefulness. To keep water clear the water- 

 ing arrangement should be high. enough so that straw will not 

 be scratched into it, and at the same time so situated that 

 the fowls are not likely to perch on the edge and contaminate 



