PREPARING POULTRY PRODUCTS 443 



drawn poultry and poultry that had been drawn by three 

 different methods, Pennington, Witmer, and Pierce^ found 

 that undrawn poultry decomposed more slowly than that 

 which has been either wholly or partially drawn. 



The three methods of drawing studied, as described by 

 them, are "full drawn," "wire drawn," and "Boston drawn," 

 as follows: 



"For the 'full drawn' specimens the body cavity was 

 opened by a transverse cut across the abdomen, and the 

 vent was removed by cutting around it. The head was cut 

 off and the intestines and viscera completely removed. 

 The heart, liver, and cleaned gizzard, as well as the excess 

 body fat, were put back into the body cavity. The shanks 

 and feet were removed and the hocks were thrust through 

 the opening in the abdomen and the vent. 



" 'Wire' drawing consists in pulling out a loop of intestine 

 by inserting the finger through the vent; cutting the loop, 

 and drawing out the gut by careful traction until it breaks 

 at the gizzard. The vent of a bird so drawn presents a normal 

 appearance; the only indication of drawing is the collapsed 

 abdomen. 



"The 'Boston' drawing is a modification of the 'wire' in 

 that a circular incision is made around the vent and the 

 intestines pulled through until rupture occurs at the gizzard. 

 The undrawn fowls were shipped with heads and feet on, 

 and had no incisions except for bleeding and braining. 



"The 'full-drawn' poultry decomposed most rapidly, 

 while the 'wire drawn' and 'Boston drawn' stood midway 

 between the undrawn and full drawn in speed of decom- 

 position. Of the latter, the wire drawn, which approached 

 the undrawn condition most nearly, was the least objec- 

 tionable." 



The usual objection to undrawn poultry is that the flesh is 

 likely to be contaminated from the intestines. A graphic 

 representation of the comparative bacterial infection of the 

 abdominal wall in the four methods of dressing, at the 

 packers, wholesalers, and retailers, is shown in Fig. 205. 



' Bureau of Chemistry Circular No. 10. 



