200 45. COMPOSITE. 



appendage, heads lateral sessile solitary, pappus 0, I. deeply 

 pinnatifid, \dhes of the root-1. lanceolate toothed, of the stem-1. 

 linear. — S. B. 12o.— St. fun-owed, slightly hairy, branched, 

 spreading, ahout a foot high. Fl. purplish. — Gravelly and 

 sandy places. A. VII. VIII. Common Star-thistle. E. 



[C. as'pera (L.) ; phylL palmately spinous, spities nearly equal 

 3—5, innermost phyll. with a scarious hluat lanceolate or 

 slightly spathulate appendage, Jieads terminal solitary, pappus of 

 all the fr. in several rows, I. linear coarsely toothed narrowed 

 below sessile rough, lower ones (and those of the primary stem ?) 

 broader incise-dentate with clasping- auricles. — C. Isnardi L. 

 E. B. 2256. — St. procumbent ; branches long slender simple 

 leafy. L. slightly toothed or entire. Fl. purple. — Typical C. 

 aspera has its vipper leaves sessile but not clasping. — Guernsey. 



P. VII. vin.] 



[O. Salman' tica (L.) and C leucopheea (Jord.) are said to have 

 been found in Jersey with C. panimlata ; but I have not seen 

 specimens.] 



Section 4. CARDXJINE^. Heads many-flowered ; flowers 

 all tubular. Involucre in many rows of distinct spinous phyllaries. 

 Filaments distinct. Pappus in many rows, not surrounded by a 

 prominent margin. 



30. Onopoe'dttm Linn. Cotton Thistle. 



1. O. Acan'thium (Ij.) ; st. erect many-headed, 1. elBptic-ob- 

 long woolly on both sides sinuate spinous decm-rent, outer phyU. 

 lanceolate-subulate recurved and spreading. — E. B. 977. — St. 

 4 — 5 feet high, woolly, with broad spinous wings, branched. 

 Inv. nearly globose, large, somewhat cottony; phyll. fringed 

 ■with minute spinous teeth. Fl. purple. — Waste ground in 

 south-east. B. VIII. E. 



31. CAE'Dtnrs Ldnn. Thistle. 



[Many hybrids apparently occur in this genus.] 



* Pappus rough. Cabduus Sm., DC, Koch. 



1. C. nutans (L.) ; 1. decurrent spinous lanceolate sinuate, 

 heads solitary drooping hemispherical, phyll. lanceolate cottony 

 outer ones rejlexed. — E. B, 1112. — St. 2 feet high, erect, angular, 

 furrowed, cottony, winged. L. hairy on both sides, with woolly 

 veins beneath, pinnatifid with 3-lobed wavy spinous-ciliate 

 segments ending in strong spines. Heads large ; fl. crimson ; un- 

 opened anth. purple. Inv. hemispherical, internal phyll. con- 

 tracted above the base and then lanceolate. — Waste ground. 

 B. v.— Vni. Mush-Thistle. E. S. I. 



