OAHDtrirs. 201 



2. C. cris'pm (L.) ; 1. decurrent spinous-ciliate lanceolate 

 glabrous or cottony beneath deeply pinnatifid, lobes trifid and 

 dentate, heads roundish, phyll, linear-subulate erect or ascending. 

 —E. B. 973.— St. about 3 feet bigh. Phyll. not contracted 

 above their base. — a. C. empra (L.) ; 1. lanceolate usually cottony 

 beneath, heads smaU clustered subglobular (or ovoid C. pohjaitr- 

 tJiemos Koch), phyll. ending in a weak spine, ped. winged to 

 the top, central tubercle of fr. not angidar. — /3. C acanihoides 

 (L.) ; 1. broadly lanceolate usually not downy beneath, head 

 twice as large solitary or rarely 2 or 3 together subglobular, phyll. 

 strongly spinous erect, ped. often naked at the top, central 

 tubercle of fr. 6-angled. — Dry banks and waste places. |3 is the 

 less common plant. B. ? VI.— Vni. E. S. I. 



3. C. tenuifldrus (Curt.) ; 1. decurrent sinuate spinous broadly 

 lanceolate cottony beneath, segments ovate lobed, heads many 

 crowded sessile subcylindrical, phyll. ovate-lanceolate attenuate. 

 — E. B. 412. 0. pycnocephalus Hook. — St. about 3 feet high, 

 slightly branched, with broad deeply lobed spinous wings. L. 

 deeply sinuate or pinnatifid. Involucres nearly glabrous. Fl. 

 pink. — Sandy places near the sea. B. ? VI. — VIU. E. S. I. 



** Pappus feathery. Onictjs Linn., Sm. OmsruM Koch, DC. 

 t Leaves spinoua-hairy above, flowers purple. 



4. C. lanceoldtus (L.) ; /. decurrent white and cottony beneath 

 pinnatifid, lobes bifid with lanceolate entire segments each ter- 

 minated by a strong spine, involucres ovate shaggy, phyU. lanceo- 

 late spinous spreading. — E. B. 107. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, erect, 

 furrowed, hairy, with strong spinous wings. Heads terminal, 

 solitary or 2 or 3 together, large. — Waste ground. B. VII. ^'III. 

 Spear Thistle. K S. I. 



5. C. erioph'orus (L.) ; I. half-clamping not decurrent white and 

 cottony beneath deeply pinnatifid, lobes bifid the segments lan- 

 ceolate entire alternately pointing- upwards and downwards and 

 each terminated by a. strong spine, involucres globose shaggy, 

 phyll. lanceolate with a long spinous-tipped reflexed point. — 

 E. B. 386. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, much branched, furrowed, hairy. 

 Koot-1. 1 — 2 feet long, linear with long divergent lobes which 

 form double rows in a very regular manner. Stem-1. similar 

 hut smaller. Heads very large ; inv. covered with a dense 

 white web. A remarkably conspicuous plant. — Waste ground 

 on a limestone soil. B. VHI. Woolly-headed Thistle. E. 



ft Leaves not spinous-hairy above. 

 a. Limb of the cor. 5-parted to its base. Bebea Less. 



6. C. arven'sis (Curt.) ; heads subdioeeious, ?. subsessile oblong- 



K 5 



