ANIMAL CASTRATION. 



33 



great satisfaction, such as those represented in Fig. 7a. 

 The essential design of all is to produce a general 

 constriction of the blood vessels, by which their in- 

 ternal and middle coats being first divided, may con- 

 tract within the cavity of the vessel in such a manner 

 as to close their cavity and form a sort of stopper to 



Fig. 7a. 



the artery, while the external cellular covering, the 

 last to undergo division, is so stretched, under the 

 action of the instrument, aod so closely adapts itself 

 by its ends, that insufflation through the free ends 

 of the vessels fails to remove the closing arrange- 

 ment of the two coats first divided. 



Jifodus Operandi — The operation is comparatively 



