100 aMmal castration. 



CKYPTORCHIDY IN OTHER ANIMALS. 



Somewhat common iu donkeys, lliis abnormality is 

 rare in ruminants, swine and caruivora. It assumes 

 the various forms met in horses. 



Cryptorchids of these various species are operated 

 by one of the methods described above. With 

 donkeys, the flank operation or tlie Danish method 

 are the chosen modes ; with large ruminants, some 

 operate by the flank, others prefer the inguinal 

 methods ; with swine, incision is the proper way for 

 many. It is evidently better to incise the median 

 line as for spaying sows. 



EFFECTS FOLLOWING THE OPERATION OF CASTRATION. 



These will vary more or less in extent and severity, 

 according to the method employed in its perform- 

 ance, and in any case they may be considered in two 

 divisions : as primary or immediate, and secondary 

 or consecutive. 



Amongst the first phenomena most commonly ob- 

 served is, of course, a manifestation of pain, charac- 

 terized by symptoms of colic, exhibited by the animal 

 in a more or less marked degree, being the result of 

 the unavoidable irritation arising from the manipula- 

 tions practised upon the organs of generation, whose 

 nerves rise from the sympathetic as well as from the 

 cerebro-spinal nervous system ; and from the pain 

 excited in the spermatic cord by the pressure of the 

 clamps, for example. These colicky pains, which 

 are more severe under the bloodless method than in 



