ANIMAL CASTRATION. 165 



you operate on the upper first the hemorrhage will 

 hide the lower one.) 



Eemove spreaders, the ribs contract together, 

 which closes the wound, no sutures required. 



The only complication I have met is hemorrhage 

 which usually is of no consequence. 



Mortality about one per cent. 



A good operator can do from 25 to 35 an hour. 



The great difficulty in caponizing, even with those 

 who are proficient in the operation, is the develop- 

 ment of "slips," which is caused by crushing the 

 testicle and not removing it clean, allowing the cord, 

 a part of the testicular envelopes and in some cases 

 a small amount of the glandular tissue to remain ; 

 this constitutes a "slip." 



A "slip" will grow a comb as large as an ordinary 

 bird, will not develope the characteristic hackles 

 around the neck and will copulate as readily and 

 frequently as any other, and frequently are capable 

 of reproduction, and their flesh does not have the 

 characteristic flavor of the capon. 



To obviate this I have had my extracting forceps 

 made with a scissors-edge in front as marked in the 

 above cut; these divide the cord cleanly and do not 

 tear or rupture the envelopes as the other forceps 

 will; there is no more danger of a fatal hemorrLago 

 and the proportion of "slips" is reduced to a, mini- 

 mum. 



