134 PRINCIPLES OF BREEDING. 



most parts of England and Scotland from 1801 to 180Y, 

 and whose live weight was nearly four thousand pounds, 

 and which was at one time valued for purposes of ex- 

 hibition as high as $10,000. 



The old Teeswater cattle were remarkably deep 

 milkers, and although it does not appear that good 

 grazing points necessarily conflict with excellence for 

 the dairy, the fact is, that as improvement in feeding 

 qualities was gained, the production of milk in most 

 cases fell off; and although some families at the present 

 time embrace many excellent milkers, the majority of 

 them have deteriorated in this respect about in pro- 

 portion to the improvement effected as meat-producing 

 animals. The earlier Short-horns introduced into this 

 country were from the very best milking families, and 

 their descendants have usually proved valuable for 

 dairy purposes — ^but many of those more recently im- 

 ported ai-e unlike them in this respect. By cross- 

 ing the males upon the common cows of the country 

 the progeny inherited increased size and symmetry of 

 form, more quiet dispositions, greater aptitude to feed 

 and earlier maturity. Notwithstanding the prejudices 

 with which they were at first received, they gradually 

 rose in estimation, more of them have been introduced 

 than of any other breed, and probably more of the im- 

 provement which has taken place in cattle for the last 



