PEEFAOE. 



This brief compendium of Zoology is designed for use 

 in grammar and high schools. It is introductory to tiie 

 author's larger Zoology. Though partly rewritten, and 

 with additions regarding the habits of birds and mammals, 

 portions of the larger book have oeen retained, the more 

 difficult parts being omitted so as to adapt it for younger 

 pupils, or those whose time is limited. 



No class in the study of Zoology should depend on a 

 book alone, but specimens should be in constant use, — the 

 text-book being rather for reference, — as all school work 

 in Zoology should be object-teaching. Before taking up 

 the book, each member of the class should be required to 

 examine a fish — a perch, cunner, smelt, or any common 

 fish; the pupil should then draw it with all the fins ex- 

 panded; then with the aid of the directions on pages 154 

 to 157, by means of a small scalpel, forceps, and scissors, 

 tlie student should dissect the fish, drawing the heart, 

 stomach, etc., and a transverse section; a preparation of 

 the brain can be easily made with the aid of a com- 

 petent teacher. Having thus obtained some notion of the 

 structure of a common vertebrate animal as a basis 

 of comparison, the class can begin to study the book: 

 meanwhile once or twice a week, if not oftener, taking a 

 laboratory lessoUj drawing and dissecting a star-fish, clam, 



