iy PREFACE. 



or fresh-water mussel; a lobster or crayfish; a horseshoe 

 crab, locust or grasshopj^er; and finally a fish, frog, and 

 cat. A small collection of corals, shells, and a few typical 

 dried or alcoholic insects, and skeletons of a fish, frog, 

 reptile, bird, and cat, should also be examined and referred 

 to constantly in using this or any other text-book. In this 

 way, and with an occasional field excursion after living 

 animals, the study of Zoology can be made of the highest 

 interest and yalue, calling out both the observing and 

 reflective faculties. 



For collateral reading, the teacher or student is re- 

 ferred to the works of Huxley, Gegenbaur, Darwin, and 

 Brooks' Invertebrate Zoology ; for a work on shells. 

 Woodward's Manual of MoUusca; on insects, Packard's 

 Guide to the Study of Insects; on birds, Ooues' Key to 

 the Birds of North America; for a magazine of natural 

 history, to the American JVaturaUst. A further list is 

 given in the author's larger Zoology. 



While most of the cuts are taken from the larger Zoology, 

 where their source has been already acknowledged, a few 

 are borrowed from Liitken's Zoology (in Danish); Brooks' 

 Invertebrate Zoology ; Emerton's Life on the Sea-Shore, 

 published by S. E. Cassino; and Nordenskiold's Voyage 

 of the Vega, publislied by Macmillan & Co. ; a few cuts 

 of Crustacea are from Haydon' s Twelfth Annual Report 

 TJ. S. Geological Survey of the Territories, and Fig. 137 is 

 from the Second Report of the U. S. Entomological Com- 

 mission: these and others thus copied are duly acknowl- 

 edged under each cut. A few of the illustrations are new. 



Providence, Sept. 25, 1883. 



