THE PORPOISES. 267 



Closely allied to the sperm whales are the pigmy whales, 

 represented on the Californian coast by Kogia Floweri 

 (Fig. 304), which is nearly three metres (nine feet) in 

 length, with a conical head. 



The narwhale {Monodon mo)ioceros) is distinguished by 

 thelong, spirally-twisted, horn-like tusk of the male, formed 

 of the left upper incisor, which becomes nearly three metres 

 long, the female having no visible teeth; there being two 

 rudimentary incisors which never ajjpear through the gum. 

 It ranges from the coast of northern Labrador to the Arctic 

 Seas. 



To the family of dolphins and porpoises belong the white 



Fig. 305.— South American Manatee. From Liitken's Zoology. 



whale, or DeljyJiinapterus leucas, which ranges from the 

 Gulf of St. Lawrence northward; the grampus (&'r«/«;j7<s 

 griseus); the black-fish, of which there are two species, 

 one Globiceplialus melas, ranging north of New York, and 

 the other, G. brachypterus, extending to the soutliward; 

 and the porpoises, of which the most common on our coast 

 is Plioccena hrachycmm, the rarer being Phocmna lineata. 

 On the coast of Lalirador, as well as northward, occurs the 

 thrasher or killer (Orca gladiator), which has large teeth 

 and a high dorsal fin; it attacks whales, gouging out the 

 flesh from their sides. Certain extinct whales, judging by 

 their fossil remains, were pygmies in size, while the Zeu- 

 glodon of the eocene tertiary beds of Alabama was an enor- 

 mous serpent-like whale, which must have measured over 

 70 feet in length. 



