THE CAMELS. 



291 



the camels of the Old World, and the llama and viciifia of 

 South America. In former (Tertiary) times a llama-like 

 animal inhabited tlie Pacific coast to Oregon. In the cam- 

 els the upper lateral incisors are present; the stomach is 

 less distinctly divided into four chambers, the third stom- 

 ach, as such, is wanting, though tlie second stomach has 

 deep cells, the so-called " water-cells," 

 which, according to Huxley, "serve 

 to strain off from the contents of the 

 paunch, and to retain in store, a con- 

 siderable quantity of water;" thus the 

 camel is popularly said to store up a 

 supply of water in its stomach for its 

 march over deserts. The toes have 

 very large, thick pads, while the hoofs 

 are reduced to nail-like proportions. 

 In the camel the foot-pad is common 

 to all the toes, but in the llama 

 (Auclienia) of the eastern Andes, fig. sao.^Head of Giraffe. 



T , 1 -1* i." i. 1 1. • 1 From Liitken's Zoology. 



each toe has a distiDct pad, besides 



tlie claw. The llama in a wild state keeps together in 



herds; from early times it has been also domesticated and 



Fig. 321.— Skull of Lion. 



used as a beast of burden, and for their wool, chiefly in 

 Pern and Chili.. It is rather larger than a sheep, with the 

 form of a camel. The Huanaco is probably the wild form 



