MIXED MBHADOWS 195 
times of seeding, and it has been found that for that 
locality (which would probably be true for a large 
part of the East) this method of seeding in late 
summer without nurse-crop is a very desirable 
one, as the seedings may be made after other crops 
are removed, as, for example, after potatoes, oats, 
or even after the same grass mixture when the 
land has been plowed immediately after the hay 
has been removed, and cultivated frequently 
before seeding. It is not necessary that the land 
shall have been planted with wheat or rye, as is 
the general custom; the seedings are more liable 
to take when this old practice is not followed. 
The preparation of soil, and seeding 
Frequent and thorough cultivation of land dur- 
ing the entire preceding summer, accompanied by 
heavy fertilization, is strongly recommended, al- 
though this is not found to be feasible by all 
growers; the principle is correct, however, and 
whenever the areas are not too large and when 
the farmer has abundant capital for the purchase 
of fertilizers, it may be profitably followed. In 
general, however, the conditions do not warrant 
such an expensive mode of preparation and seed- 
ing, and a system has been developed at the New 
Jersey Station which is entirely practicable under 
what may be regarded as more extensive condi- 
