MANGELS 281 
covered with manure at the rate of eight to ten 
tons per acre. This should be worked into the 
soil early in the spring, and the whole surface 
thoroughly cultivated, and fertilizers applied con- 
taining a high content of nitrogen. A good 
formula should earry nitrogen, 4 per cent; phos- 
phorie acid (available), 10 per cent; potash, 6 per 
cent. If manure is used as recommended, a dress- 
ing of 400 pounds per acre of this fertilizer at time 
of seeding may be made with advantage, even on 
good soils. 
Seeding and handling 
The quantity of seed is five to eight pounds per 
acre. The seed does not germinate quickly, and 
early growth is slow and, as a consequence, early 
cultivation is not possible, because the rows cannot 
be readily followed; therefore weeds take posses- 
sion and make hand-labor necessary. It has been 
suggested that a little buckwheat be added to 
the seed; this plant germinates quickly, and the 
broad leaves clearly mark the row, making earlier 
cultivation possible. 
Mangels should be sown in rows two to two 
and one-half feet apart in May or early June, and, 
after well started, the plants should be thinned to 
eight to ten inches apart in the row. The cultiva- 
tion should be frequent, and, early in the season, 
relatively deep, in order that the soil may be in 
