78 FARM ANIMALS 
4, How a ration is made.—The first step in computing 
rations is to consider the feeding standard for the class of 
animals to be fed. If it is assumed that a ration is wanted 
for a dairy cow yielding 22 pounds of milk daily, the table 
of standards is to be consulted for that class of dairy 
cows. The standard calls for 29 pounds of dry matter, 
2.5 pounds of digestible protein, 13 pounds of digestible 
carbohydrates, and 0.5 pounds of digestible fat. Assum- 
ing that corn stover, corn silage and clover hay are avail- 
able, we will use such quantities of each as have been 
found in practice to be fairly representative of the avail- 
able supply on average farms and about what an animal 
will eat up clean without tiring her appetite. 
5. First step in making a ration—As a starting point, 
we will use 10 pounds of corn stover, 15 pounds of clover 
hay and 30 pounds of corn silage. The averages of 
digestible nutrients in these feeds are as follows: 
Digestible nutrients in 
. 100 pounds 
Feeding stuffs ee P 
matter . Carbo- 
Protein fipdrates Fat 
Corn stover -------------- 59.5 1.4 31.2 0.7 
Corn: silage: 22sec sas s3c5 20.9 0.9 12.6 0.6 
Clover hay: ss22222-s55258 84.7 71 37.8 1.8 
6. The second step in the computation is to calculate 
the pounds of digestible nutrients in the quantities of each 
of these feeding stuffs. It is clear, for instance, that 10 
pounds of corn stover will contain just one-tenth as much 
protein, carbohydrates and fat as 100 pounds. If each 
of these factors is divided by 100 and multiplied by 10, 
we shall have the amounts of each constituent that 10 
pounds of corn stover will furnish the animal. 
