DRAFT AND SPEED 103 
eyes; clear, steady breathing; powerful attachments of the muscles; 
large articulations of the joints; sound, perfect feet, and sturdy con- 
stitutions. Of the second class, the relative beauties are distinguished 
in respect to the type of the individual for the work he is best fitted 
to do, Thus the draft horse must have a broad, muscular croup for 
heavy work, whereas the trotting horse is much less developed in 
this region. The neck of the draft horse is shorter, the shoulders 
straighter, the arms more heavily muscled and the weight more 
ponderous than horses for the road or speed track. 
12. Defects—All horses are not born equally good or 
useful. Some at birth possess certain defects which in 
meaning refer to just the opposite 
of beauty or fitness. A defect, there- 
fore, is a disadvantage and the 
animal possessing such a defect is 
less valuable because less can be ex- 
pected when put to general or special 
work. Sometimes a defect is the 
result of accident or is acquired as 
the result of use. A defect observ- 
able at birth is known as congenital. 
Common defects are flat feet, slender 
legs, flat chests, irregular movements 
of the legs, and thin, narrow hocks. 
Defects often acquired are knee- KNEE ‘SPRING 
sprung forelegs, swayed hacks, A common defect of 
sweenied shoulders, curby hocks, ae 
and ill-shaped legs and feet. 
13. Blemishes.—Frequently some disfiguring mark that 
mars the beauty of a horse is observed.- This may be 
seated in the skin or in the tissues underneath the skin. 
Wherever located or whatever the cause, the injury or 
deformity is a blemish and detracts from the value of the 
animal. While such disfigurement may not in any way 
prevent the animal from doing everything expected of 
it in the performance of its work, the marred condition is 
