BEES 315 
American foul brood, a bacterial disease, reaches healthy 
larve in infected food. The grths soften, settle to the 
lower sides of the cells in shapeless, 
yellowish masses, which later turn 
brown, sticky and ill smelling. To 
cure it infected comb and honey must 
be removed in the evening during a 
honey flow and healthy food given. 
The bees must be encouraged to build 
; . w SEcTION OF Come IN- 
new comb. It is wise to guard against — Festeo_witH Foun 
. Broop 
robbing by other bees. Brood from 
badly diseased colonies should be burned at once. Combs 
may be melted into wax, hives cleaned and disinfected 
with a gasoline torch inside. , 
In European foul brood, also bacterial, the larve turn yellowish 
or gray, become slightly translucent and usually flatten against the 
bases of the cells. The dead ones appear as moist collapsed masses, 
which become dry, brownish scales. Italian bees are better able to 
resist this disease than any other race; black bees least of all. 
Treatment is the same as for American foul brood, but must be 
applied to the whole apiary at once. The cure is permanent only 
when pure-bred Italian queens are introduced in black or hybrid 
colonies. In sacbrood, also bacterial, the larve decay from the 
inside, leaving the skin tough and in natural shape. Often they 
dry up, become loose in their cells and drop out when the comb is 
inverted. Re-queening with vigorous queens from other apiaries 
often cures the disease. 
