322 FARM ANIMALS 
12. Raising trout.—Rather extensive arrangements are 
required for best success with trout in artificial ponds. 
What adds to the difficulty is the necessity of using run- 
ning water both for hatching the eggs and rearing the 
young. Spring water is preferred for hatching and 
brook water for raising trout. These requisites limit the 
area in which trout can be raised. Where natural ad- 
vantages prevail in way of water, shelter and lay of land, 
it is much easier to stock a stream with small fingerlings 
raised in a hatchery than to try to raise them in ponds. 
In stocking a stream the young fish should be taken to 
its headwaters, or put into the springs and rivulets which 
empty into it. As they grow larger they will gradually 
settle down stream, and run up again to headwaters in 
the fall and winter to spawn. No brook that has once 
contained trout need be without them, if the waters re- 
main pure and cold. 
13. Trout ponds.—Pure, spring water is the most im- 
portant factor in the construction of a trout pond. The 
spring or springs should have a fall of 2 or 3 feet, and if 
more than one pond is made, a fall of 5 or 6 feet would be 
an advantage. The more the water the less the need for 
a considerable fall. In building a pond it is advisable to 
cover the immediate area over the springs with gravel 
for the fish tospawn on. ‘The borders of the pond should 
be shallow, so that the little fish may run up into the 
shallow water and escape the large fish; or have the pond 
so arranged that after the fish have spawned the large 
ones may be removed. This plan allows the eggs to 
hatch out and the young to develop without danger of 
being preyed upon by the older fish. After the finger- 
lings have reached a good size they may be removed from 
the spawning section to the rearing section, the old ones 
