FACING DISEASE ON THE FARM 445 
a little experience proficiency can be acquired in examin- 
ing dead animals, and in learning the difference between 
healthy and unhealthy organs, between discased and 
normal tissues, and the relation of the internal parts 
to the whole body. This examination is to be made as 
soon after death as possible; 
the longer the delay the greater 
the changes due to decomposi- 
tion. Soon after death the stif- 
fening process, or rigor mortis, 
takes place. This may occur 
within an hour after death, and 
again it may not be complete 
until after 25 or 30 hours. Soon 
after death stiffening, the tissues 
soften and decomposition rapidly 
follows. 
13. Things to do.—In making 
a post-mortem examination, in 
case the animal has not been moved, the position of the 
body is to be observed. Look all about you. 
SECTION OF BADLY DISEASED CARCASS 
Is there any evidence of a struggle? Does either the body or the 
ground appear as if spasms had taken place? Now observe the dis- 
charges from nose, mouth and other natural openings of the body. 
External scars and wounds often bear a close relation to the dis- 
ease, and these should be considered in examining the carcass. How 
do the eyes look? Is there a discharge from the ears? Is the 
swelling of the abdomen and the bloating more pronounced or in 
any way different than in ordinary death? Practice will indicate 
the lesson that each of these teach. The skin is now to be removed. 
If the blood be thin or black, with a disagreeable odor, you can ex- 
pect some germ trouble such as blood poisoning or an infectious 
and contagious disease. If the white tissues are yellow, it is reason- 
ably certain that the liver has not done its work. 
In removing the skin and making other observations be cautious 
that you do not prick your fingers with the knife, since you may con- 
vey in this way disease to yourself. If by accident a cut or prick is 
made, cauterize the wound at once, so as to destroy any germs trans- 
mitted in this way to you. 
