446 FARM ANIMALS 
14. Examining internal organs.—Placc the animal on 
its side, remove the upper front Icg, and the ribs over the 
chest region. The ribs should be removed as near as 
possible to the backbone so as to give an unobstructed 
opening over the important organs. While making this 
opening, observe the watery 
fluid as it escapes. If a large 
quantity is present, dropsy or a 
rupture of the bladder is indi- 
cated. If the trouble is due to 
the latter, a peculiar odor will 
be noticed. When the fluid is 
red, it indicates the presence of 
blood or of some inflammation 
of the abdomen or the bowels. 
A large amount of water in the 
chest cavity indicates lung trou- 
ble; this is further indicated by 
the tiny attachments running be- 
tween the lungs and the chest wall inclosing these parts. 
15. Examining the organs.—\Vhen the stomach and 
intestines are abnormally red, there has been conges- 
tion. If these are quite dark or purple, inflammation 
is indicated. If the stomach is hard and compact, in- 
digestion may have been the trouble. The intestines 
may be hard and compact or in an otherwise bad con- 
dition. Pass the hands along to see if the intestines are 
knotted at any place or if nails are in the stomach. 
Often hair balls or parasites are found; either may clog 
the channel and:-may be the immediate cause of death. 
A very disagreeable odor of the urine indicates disturb- 
ance. Look the lungs over carefully. See if the color 
is natural and if the soft, spongy consistency responds 
to the same touch as does the thoroughly healthy lung. 
EXAMINING THE INTERNAL ORGANS 
