494 FARM ANIMALS 
for two purposes: to admit oxygen, and to dilute and re- 
move impurities. It is to come as near as possible to 
getting outside conditions in the house or stable. Pro- 
vision for ventilation is always made when houses and 
barns are constructed, but too often, when winter comes, 
the door and windows are closed and the health of the 
occupants is imperiled. Yet it is an easy matter to ven- 
tilate a farm building. An opening 1 foot square will 
admit 15,800 cubic feet when air is passing at as slow 
a rate as three miles an hour. 
10. Systems of ventilation—In small barns window 
ventilation will suffice. 
The windows may be 
hinged at the bottom, 
allowing the top to open 
inward. At the sides, 
boards are placed, the 
width corresponding 
from top to bottom with 
the opened distance of 
the window. By this 
plan air is admitted at 
KING System OF VENTILATION . 
Showing intakes and outlets. A, ventila- the top and not directly 
ting shaft, through which stable air is carried 
out of doors; B, intakes for admission of on the animals. If 
outside air to the stable; C, ceiling register 
in the ventilating shaft; D, outside air. opened on the side away 
from the wind and ac- 
cording to the severity of the weather, fresh air will be 
provided and without serious drafts being caused. 
The King system of ventilation consists essentially of 
air intakes and air outlets, in the form of flues, and tight 
inclosures. The intakes admit the fresh air near the 
ceiling where the air is warm, and where also the fresh 
air is warmed, and the outlets remove the old air at the 
