nurseryman has every advantage over the 
chance seedling. Its growth has been in 
good soul so that it has not been stunted, the 
small branches have been removed while 
small and tender, so that the wound soon 
grew over and made a smooth trunk of 
white, healthy wood. Then many native 
trees are slow growers, shy bearers, «nd af- 
ter patient waiting produce fruit which is 
nearly worthless. Nurserymen should have 
varieties that are strong growers, early and 
prolific bearers, and producers of fruit of ex- 
cellent quality. 
VERMONT NURSERIES. 
There are several nurseries in Vermont 
that have no connection with those in other 
states, but contain trees of hardy varicties. 
the result of painstaking and persevering 
experiments. 
Of this kind is that of Bartlett Bryant, of 
Derby. About nineteen years ago he began 
to grow trees at Mack’s Hollow, in Stan- 
stead, P. Q. He then removed to Stanstead 
Plain, and, in 1867, to his present location. 
He began with the Fancy Red (Siberian or 
‘ erab) apple; next he found the Queen’s 
Choice crab apple, which has been a favorite 
until the present time. Then the Montreal 
Beauty and other crab apples were added to 
the list, making at the present time a collec- 
tion of crab apples superior to any other in 
the world, numbering about thirty kinds. 
In making up the present collection of 
English or standard apples he has tried 
nbout nine hundred kinds and has about 
thirty varieties that prove hardy. Full half; 
of them nre not in the catalogue of any oth- 
er nurseryman in the world, having been 
propagated from rare old native trees that 
have a high local reputation. His losses 
were very great while he was testing those 
nice and tender varieties that were so popu- 
lar in southern and western nurseries. It 
has only been near the present time that his 
business has been fairly remunerative. Alone 
and single handed he has solved the problem 
in regard to orcharding in this climate. . His 
trees go to all soils, to all sorts of exposures 
or inclinations of land; to good care and to- 
tal neglect. They satisfy the reasonable ex- 
pectations of all purchasers. 
VARIETIES AND CULTIVATION. 
I will now briefly speak of the history of 
each tree he sells. To obtain seed: to sow 
Mr. Bryant buys the Fancy Red and Yellow 
and some other Siberian (or crab) apples. 
These apples are raised by those who have 
bought trees of him years ago. He pays 
adollar a bushel. In the fall of 1870 he 
bought 250 bushels; in 1871 nearly 300 bush- 
els. These apples are ground up for cider 
and the pomace sown in the fall. The next 
summer three or four hundred thousand 
trees make a growth of from one two feet in 
hight. Inthe fall all these little twigs are 
taken up, assorted, counted and packed in 
the cellar to be grafted in the winter. Some 
of the sinallest are too small for grafting, 
and are grown another year and budded. In 
grafting, each variety is kept by itself, and in 
the spring the stock and scion united are 
carefully planted in'straight rows, five or six 
inches apart, while the rows are four feet 
apart, in ground that is well prepared. 
The first season they are not trimmed, but 
are hoed carefully and manured with ashes. 
Three hundred dollars worth of ashes were 
used in the nursery in 1871. The second 
year they are trimmed twice, pains being 
taken to secure a rapid upward growth. The 
Jand is also well tilled. The third year they 
are tended as carefully, trimmed twice, and 
the leaves rubbed off upon the lower part of 
the tree. Also many stakes are used to 
which the crooked trees are tied to straight- 
en them. 
The three-year old trees are large enough 
to sell, and are perhaps the most profitable 
to buy. The‘trees from the nursery are de- 
livered full and spring. ‘The trees that are 
old enough to sell are labeled, while - they 
stand in the nursery, with the name of the 
variety and every care is taken to prevent 
mixing varieties, and mistalres in filling or- 
ders. 
PACKING. 
The trees are packed for custoniers in a 
building 25x75 feet. There are eight tables 
along the middle, and on each side are small 
stalls, that will hold an armful of trees. 
Each variety is put into a stall of that name, 
and the packers very rapidly gather a bundle 
such as the customer desires. Straw and 
