70 NESTS AND EGGS OF 



morant may usually be known by their small size, the average dimensions of thirty- 

 six specimens (nine sets of four) are 55.5x36.5 mm.,* the largest 59x36, and the 

 smallest 52x35 mm.t 



124. RED-PACED CORMORANT. Phalacrocorax urile (Gmel.) Geog. Dist— 

 Islands of Bering Sea and coast of Kamtschatka. 



The Red-faced Cormorant is a common species on the islands of Bering Sea, 

 especially on St. George and St. Paul Islands of the Prybilof Group. Breeds com- 

 monly on some of the Aleutian Islands. Dr. Stejneger mentions it as being less com- 

 mon on Bering and Copper Islands than P. pelctfflcus. He states that the eggs of the 

 two species cannot be confounded; those of the Red-faced being considerably larger 

 than those of the pelayicus, and the green color of the eggs when looked at through 

 the shell is totally different, — much more bluish in the former, against yellow in the 

 latter. The nests are built on the projections of the narrow shelves or ledges along 

 the face of a cliff, the material used being seaweed, ferns, grasses, etc., which are 

 matted together largely with the excrements of the bird itself. The young are fed on 

 small fish, crabs and shrimps, and in a short time the nesting places become very 

 filthy, as a large portion of the food brought by the old birds is strewn over and 

 around the nests. The eggs vary in size from 2.30 to 2.55 long by 1.50 to 1.55 broad. 

 Three eggs collected by Dr. Stejneger on Copper Island, July 14, measure 61x40, 

 63 5x39, 66x37 mm.$ 



125. AMERICAN WHITE PELICAN. Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmel. 



Geog. Dist. Temperate North America, north in the interior to about latitude 61°, 



south to Central America; rare or accidental in the Northeastern States; abundant 

 in the Middle Province and along the Gulf coast; common on the coast of California 

 and Western Mexico. 



The White Pelican is generally common west of the Mississippi, breeding from 

 Utah northward. It was formerly known to breed in various parts of Florida. The 

 late 'Major Charles E. Bendire found it nesting in large numbers on several small 

 islands of Lake Malheur, in southeastern Oregon. It is common on various lakes in 

 the Red River Valley, in British America. In Ohio this bird must be considered a 

 comparatively rare spring and fall migrant, occurring most frequently in the fall. 

 In 1838 Dr. Kirtland records it as an occasional visitor. A specimen in spring 

 plumage was taken in the State about fifteen years ago. In the fall of 1861 quite a 

 large fiock made their appearance in the vicinity of Columbus, one specimen of 

 which is still preserved in the museum of the Starling Medical College. At this 

 time Dr. Wheaton observed three of these birds on the Scioto river. In 1875 a 

 specimen was taken at Licking Reservoir and preserved by Dr. Jasper. Dr. Langdon 

 in "Summer Birds" says: One or two instances of the occurrence of this species in 

 summer in northern Ohio are noted by Mr. Porter. Mr. H. E. Chubb, a Cleveland 

 taxidermist, had one alive which was wounded and captured in Sandusky Bay 

 February 7, 1881. The latest records I have concerning this bird in Ohio are as 

 follows: One taken by Elliot Gilflllon on Big Walnut Creek September 15, 1892, ten 

 miles south of Columbus, now in Dr. Jasper's collection; another is reported to me by 

 G. Sutter, taxidermist, Hamilton, Ohio, taken in September, 1892, at St. Mary's Reser- 

 voir. Our illustration represents the portion of an island in Shoal Lake, Manitoba, 

 photographed by Mr. Walter Raine, who found it to be a very popular breeding 



* 2.19x1.44 Inches. 



t 2.32x1.42, 2.05x1.38 inches. 



t 2.40x1.57, 2.50x1.54, 2.60x1.46 Inches. 



