fod 
AND WHAT THEIR PARTS ARE. t 
11. The Flower, Flowers are most interesting to the botanist; who not only ad- 
mires them for their beauty, the exquisite arrangement and forms of their parts, and 
the wonderful variety they exhibit, but also sees in the blossoms much of the na- 
ture or character of each plant, and finds in them the best marks for distinguishing 
the sorts of plants and the family they belong to. So let the student learn at once 
12. What the Parts of a Flower are, A flower, with : 
all the parts present, consists gf Calyx, Corolla, Sta- 
mens, and Pistils. One frome’ the Morning-Glory 
(Fig. 4, f) will serve for an example. Here is one 
taken off, and shown of about the natural size, the 
corolla, Fig. 5, separated from the calyx, Fig. 6. 
The calyx and the corolla are the /loral Envelopes, 
or the leaves of the flower. They cover in the bud, 
and protect the stamens and pistils, which aré the 
Essential Organs of the flower, because both of these 
are necessary to forming the seed. 
13. The Calyx —a Latin name for “flower-cup ” — 
is the cup or outer covering of the blossom (Fig. 6). 
It is apt to be green and leaf-like. 
14. The Corolla is the inner cup, or inner set of leaves, of the flower. It is very 
seldom green, as the calyx commonly is, but is “ colored,” i. e. of some other color 
than green, and of a delicate texture. So 
it is the most showy part of the blossom. 
Fig. 5 shows the corolla of the Morning- 
Glory whole. Fig. 7 is the same, split 
down and spread open to show 
15. The Stamens, These in this flower 
grow fast to the bottom of the corolla. 
There are five stamens in the Morning- 
Glory. Each stamen consists of two parts, 
namely, a Filament and an Anther. The 
Filament is the stalk; the Anther is a little 
case, or hollow body, borne on the top of the filament. It is filled with a powdery 
matter, called Pollen. Fig. 9 shows a separate stamen on a larger scale: /, the 
filament; a, the anther, out of which pollen is falling from a slit or long opening 
down each side. , 
