KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF CLASS I. 
Pistil only one, either simple or formed of two or more with their ovaries united. 
Styles 10. Fruit a 10-seeded berry, PoKEWEED F. 
Styles or stigmas 2 or 3. 
Herbs with sheaths for stipules, and entire leaves, BuckwaHear F. 
Herbs with separate stipules, and compound or cleft leaves, Hemp F. 
Herbs without stipules, and ¢ 
Without scaly bracts. Flowers small and greenish, GoosxrooT F.: 
With scaly bracts around and among the flowers, AMARANTH F. 
Shrubs or trees, with opposite leaves. Fruit a pair of keys, TMapie F. 
Shrubs or trees, with alternate leaves and deciduous stipules. 
Stamens on the throat of the calyx, alternate with its lobes, Bucktuorn F. 
' Stamens on the bottom of the calyx, Eo F. 
Style one: stigma 2-lobed. Fruit a key. Leaves pinnate, Ash in fOLivE F. 
Style or sessile stigma one and simple. 
Calyx tubular or cup-shaped, colored like a corolla. 
Stamens 8, on the tube. Shrubs: leaves simple, Mezxrreum F. 
Stamens 4, on the throat. Herbs: leaves compound. Burnet in +Rosg F. 
Stamens 5 or less on the receptacle. Calyx imitating a monopetalous 
funnel-shaped corolla: a cup outside imitating a calyx.’ 
Herbs with opposite leaves, Mrrasitis I’, 
Calyx of 6 petal-like sepals colored like petals: stamens 9 or 12: anthers opening 
by uplifted valves. Aromatic trees and shrubs, . Laufer F. 
Calyx in the sterile flowers of 3 to 5 greenish sepals: stamens the same number. _ 
Flowers monecious or dicecious, Netrie F. 
B. FLowErs ONE OR BOTH SORTS IN CATKINS OR CATKIN-LIKE HEADS. 
Twining herbs, dicecious : fertile flowers only in a short catkin, Hop in the Hemp F. 
Trees or shrubs. : 
Sterile flowers only in catkins. Flowers moneecious. 
Leaves pinnate. Ovary and fruit (a kind of stone-fruit, without an involucre), WAuNur F. 
Leaves simple. Nuts one or more in a cup or involucre, Oak F. 
Both kinds of flowers in catkins or close heads. 
Leaves palmately veined or lobed. 
Calyx 4-cleft, in the fertile lowers becoming berry-like. Mulberry, &c.in Nerruz F.’ 
Calyx none: flowers in round heads, PLANE-TREE F, 
Leaves pinnately veined. 
Flowers dicecious, one to each scale. Pod many-seeded, WiLow F. 
Flowers moncecious, the fertile ones 2 or more under each scale, Brrcn F. 
Flowers only one under each fertile scale. Fruit one-seeded, SWEET-GALE F. 
Susctass IT. — GYMNOSPERMS. 
Proper pistil none; the ovules and seeds naked, on the bottom or inner face of an 
196 
open scale, as in Pines, or without any scale at all, as in Yew, Pine FAmMILy,; 201 
