194 POPULAR FLORA, / 
ers scattered in a long and naked slender spike; calyx greenish, 4-parted; stamens 5; styles 2, 
bent down in fruit. Thickets. ; P. Virginianum. 
4- + Somewhat climbing, or supported by recurved sharp prickly bristles on the strong angles of the 
: stems, &c.; flowers white or flesh-color in small racemes or heads; root annual. The prickly 
angles cut like a saw, whence the plants are called Tear-Thumb. 
11. ARRow-LEAVED K. Leaves arrow-shaped (Fig. 100), short-stalked; akene 3-angled. P. sagittatum. 
12. HALBERD-LEAVED K. Leaves halberd-shaped (Fig. 102), long-stalked ; akene flattish. Low 
grounds. P. arifolium. 
+ + + Twining annuals, with smooth stems and greenish or whitish flowers in panicled racemes; 
leaves heart-shaped and partly halberd-shaped. 
13. Crimpine K. Smooth, climbing high over shrubs, &c.; racemes leafy; 8 of the calyx-lobes more 
_ or less winged in fruit. Thickets in low ground. P. dumetorum. 
14. BispwxrEp K. Low, stems roughish; racemes corymbed; three of the calyx-lobes ridged in the 
middle. Cult. and waste grounds. P. Convélvulus. 
80. LAUREL FAMILY. Order LAURACEA. 
Trees or shrubs, with spicy bark and leaves; the latter marked with transparent dots 
under a magnifying-glass, alternate and simple; the calyx of 6 petal-like sepals. Stamens 
9 or 12 on the very bot- 
tom of the calyx; the 
anthers opening by up- 
lifted valves. Pistil sim- 
ple, with a one-celled 
ovary, in fruit forming 
a berry or drupe, one- 
seeded. Flowers gener- 
ally polygamous or dic- 
cious in spring.— A very: ° 
well-marked family, most- 
ly in hot countries, but. 
484, Sterile flower of Sassafras. 485. Fertile flower of the same. 485. Méguified stamen, WE POSSESS two or three 
with two glands at the base, the anther opening by two large and two smallvalves 487 Pistil, . 
with the ovary divided to show the ovule hangiug from the top. 488, Leaf and cluster of fruit. representatives. 
489, Lower half of fruit, cut across, 
Flowers perfect : stamens 9, with good anthers, and 3 sterile ones. Tree, with entire 
oblong leaves; common South, (Persea) Rep-Bay. 
Flowers dicecious or nearly so, greenish-yellow: stamens 9, about 3 of them with yel- 
low glands at the base of the filaments (Fig. 486). 
Anthers 4-celled and 4-valved. Tree: flowers in stalked corymbs, appearing with 
the leaves; some of the latter 8-lobed, (Sassafras) SASSAFRAS. 
Anthers 2-celled and opening by a single valve to each cell. Shrub: flowers in ses- 
sile clusters, appearing earlier than the entire leaves, (Bénzvin) SprceBusH. 
