54 THE FOUR SBGRRGATIVE PRINCIPLES. 



nothing in determining selection unless they have power to live and 

 reproduce. The indiscriminate form of survival I call "indiscrimi- 

 nate elimination." It is often the chief principle by which diver- 

 gence is initiated in two or more isolated masses of a species. If 

 indiscriminate destruction reduces each group to but one or two indi- 

 viduals capable of propagating the race, divergence immediately 

 arises in regard to one or more points of character. 



Partition, acting on acquired characters, produces habitudinal de- 

 marcation with initial habitudinal segregation. 



Election, acting on acquired characters, produces intensified habi- 

 tiidinal segregation. 



Isolation, acting on inherited characters, produces racial demarca- 

 tion with initial racial segregation. 



Selection, acting on inherited characters, produces intensified racial 

 segregation. 



Partition and election acting together produce cumulative habitu- 

 dinal segregation. 



Isolation and selection acting together produce cumulative racial 

 segregation. 



Partition and isolation acting together produce typal demarcation 

 with initial segregation, both habitudinal and racial. 



Election and selection acting together produce intensified segrega- 

 tion, both habitudinal and racial. 



The four principles acting together produce allogamic evolution, 

 both habitudinal and racial, through the segregation of types. 



4. Objections that may be Raised to the Terms Used. 



It may be thought that such terms as "partition" and "election" 

 are not needed in the exposition of the process of evolution ; that the 

 whole process may be considered as due to selection, and, if influences 

 not recognized by Darwin are discovered, they should be designated as 

 forms of selection. My suggestion is that a definite attempt to con- 

 struct a nomenclature, enabling one to set forth the evolution of ac- 

 quired characters and the influence of the same on the evolution of 

 inherited characters, will show the investigator that great gain in 

 brevity and clearness may be secured by the use of separate words 

 to designate the principles in habitudinal segregation that corre- 

 spond to isolation and selection in racial segregation. But, even if the 

 need of such terms is recognized, objection may be raised against the 

 use of the term "election," on the ground that it properly signifies 

 the elevation of an individual to a position of influence by his winning 

 the conscious choice of rational beings, while in the nomenclature 



