INDEPENDENT TRANSFORMATION DIVERGENT. I9I 



4. The Transformation of Freely Intergenerating Organisms Never 

 Permanently Divergent. 



I mention these eight principles of transformation, not with the 

 purpose of entering upon a full discussion of the same, but simply to 

 point out the relation in which they all stand to divergent, or poly- 

 typic, evolution. It is evident that, whether acting separately or 

 together, they can never be the cause of divergent evolution in organ- 

 isms that are freely intergenerating ; for in such a group of organisms 

 whatever modifies one part of the group in characters that are 

 inheritable will, ere many generations, modify the whole. If the 

 group is exposed to a variety of inharmonious conditions, which, with 

 independent generation would produce divergent character, with free 

 intergeneration, the only result will be variation. Without indepen- 

 dent generation (or isolation) there can be no permanent divergence. 



5. Independent Transformation Always Divsrgent. 



If any species is divided into two or more sections that do not inter- 

 generate and that are severally subject to highly complex transform- 

 ing influences, it may only be by a series of coincidences which the 

 reason refuses to receive as in the slightest degree probable that any 

 two sections will be modified in exactly the same way. This high 

 degree of probability, amounting to a certainty, that when causes of 

 transformation cooperate with causes producing isolation the result 

 in successive generations will be increasing degrees of segregation and 

 of divergence, is what I call the law of intensive segregation. The 

 different forms of this principle, resting on the certainty that the 

 cooperation of any one of the principles of transformation with any 

 one of the principles of independent generation will produce increas- 

 ing segregation with increasing divergence, are the following : 



( 1 ) Assimilational intension, or segregation and divergence through 

 independent assimilation. 



(2) Stimulational intension, or segregation and divergence through 

 independent stimulation. 



(3) Suetudinal intension, or segregation and divergence through 

 independent suetude. 



(4) Emotional intension, or segregation and divergence through 

 independent emotional transformation. 



(5) Selectional intension, or segregation and divergence through 

 independent selection. 



(6) Eliminational intension, or segregation and divergence 

 through independent and indiscriminate elimination. 



