1376 MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



Series V. Nudiflor^e. — Perianth none, or of scales or bristles. Ovary 

 superior, 1 -celled, or a syncarp. Seeds usually albuminous. 



Inflorescence enclosed in a (sometimes imperfect) spallia; trees, shnibs^ or herbs. 



CXLIII. PANDANACEffi. Flowers dicecious. Perianth none. Male flowers : Stamens many, 

 fascicled or spicate on the spadix ; filaments distinct or connate; anthers erect, basifixed; 

 pistillode none or minute. Female flowers ; staminodia minute or none ; carpels sessile, 

 distinct or connate in bundles. Ovules solitary, or many parietal, sligmas sessile or sub-sessile. 

 Fruit an oblong or globose dry or fleshy syncarp. Stems arborescent with leaves in a spire, or 

 climbing and leafy. 



CXLIV. TypHACEiE. Perianth none. Flowers monoscious, crowded in unisexual dense 

 catkin-like cylindrio spikes, mixed with capillary hairs. Male flowers: Stamens solitary or 

 fascicled, filaments capillary; anthers basifixed, erect, 2-celled. Female flowers: A capillary 

 filament bearing a minute narrow 1-ovulate ovary narrowed into a capillary style with a, 

 linear stigma. Fruit a minute achene. .Marsh plants with linear, erect biconvex leaves. 



CXLV. AnoiDEiB. Flowers small or minute, unisexual, usually on bisexual spadix with the 

 female flowers below, rarely bisexual. Perianth none or of scales. Male flowers: Anthers 

 2 to 4-celled, distinct or connate. Female flowers : Ovary sessile, 1 to 3-celled, cells lor more 

 ovulate. Fruit a 1 or few-seeded berry. Seeds albuminous or in a few genera without albumen. 

 Flowers solitary or binate, sunk in the sides or surface of small or minute floating lenticu- 

 lar or globose fronds. 



CXLVI. LEMNACE.a];. Small or minute, gregarious, floating;, monoecious, scale-like plants. 

 Flowers few, roost minute, in fissures of the frond, naked or in a sheath. Perianth 

 none. Male flowers : Stamens 1 or 2 ; anther 1 or 2-celled. Female flowers : Ovary 1-celled ; 

 style short, stigma truncate or infundibular, ovules 1 to 7 basal. Fruit » membranous utricle. 

 Seeds ribbed. Albumen none ; embryo cylindric. 



Order CXIV. LORANTHACE^. 



Calyx-tube adnate to tke ovary, the limb with as many lobes or teeth as 

 petals, or forming an entire border, or none. Petals (or segments of the perianth 

 when the calyx is inconspicuous) 4 to 6 or rarely more, free or united in the 

 lobed corolla, inserted round an epigynous disk, valvate in the btid, rarely want- 

 ing. Stamens as many as petals, opposite to and usually inserted on them. 

 Ovary inferior, 1-celled, with 1 erect ovule, usually not perceptible till the flower- 

 ing is past, and adnate to the wall of the cell so as to have been described as 

 pendulous ; style or stigma simple. Fruit an indehiscent berry or drupe, with a 

 single seed. Albumen fleshy. Embryo straight, with a superior radicle. — Shrubs 

 usually much branched, parasitical on the branches of trees and shrubs, some- 

 times so near their roots as to appear terrestrial, very rarely (only in two Austra- 

 lian species) really terrestrial shrubs or trees. Leaves ojpposite or rarely alternate, 

 usually thick and leathery or sometimes fleshy, sometimes reduced to minute 

 scales or none. Bracts usually one under each flower or pedicel, with 2 

 bracteoles close under the flower, concave or united in a little cup, having the 

 appearance of an external calyx, or the bracteoles or very rarely the bracts also 

 wanting. 



A considerable Order, chiefly abundant within or near the tropics both in the New and the 

 Old World, wits a very few species from more temperate regions in the northern as well as in 

 the southern hemisphere. 



Teibe I. Euloranthese. — Flowers hermaphrodite or dioecious by abortion. Perianth 

 double ; calyx-tube adnate ; limb a more or less distinct ring or short cup. 



Parasitical shrubs. Flowers elongate hermaphrodite. Fruit succulent. Seeds 

 not furrowed 1. Loeanthub. 



Tribe II. Visceee. — Flowers all unisexual. Perianth simple, toithout any conspicuous 

 calyx margin. 



Anthers sessile on the perianth-segments, opening inwards in several pores. 



■Plants glabrous, leafless or leafy 2. Visccm. 



Anthers at the bases of the perianth segments,- opening transversely. Plants 



leafy, hoavy or tomentose 3. Koiothixos. 



