1450 CXT^li. EUiPHORfeiACE^. 



36. MACARANGA, Thou. 

 (Madagascar name.) 



(ilappa, A. Juss.) 

 Flowers dioecious or rarely monoecious in axillary or rarely terminal spikes 

 racemes or panicles. Male flower : Perianth globular and closed in the bud, 

 opening in 8 or 4 valvate segments. No petals or glands. Stamens indefinite, 

 usually numerous, on a central receptacle without any rudimentary ovary ; fila- 

 ments free or very shortly united ; anthers terminal, 4-lobed, 2-celled, opening in 

 4 valves, or loculicidally in 2 valves. Female flower ; Perianth ovoid oblong or 

 almost globular, truncate or shortly toothed, opening obliquely into a broad cup 

 or laterally into a spathe. Ovary 1, 2 or 3-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell. 

 Styles free or shortly united at the base, undivided, minutely papillose or fringed 

 with processes on the inner surface. Capsule separated into 2-valved cocci. Seeds 

 usually globular, not carunculate ; albumen copious ; cotyledons flat, much 

 broader than the radicle. — Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, petiolate, usually 

 broad and often large, entire toothed or lobed, often peltate or 3- or more nerved 

 at the insertion of the petiole, but sometimes penniveined without lateral nerves. 

 Male flowers clustered along the rhachis or branches of the inflorescence, sessile 

 or very shortly pedicellate, with an entire toothed or fringed braob under each 

 cluster. Female flowers in fewer clusters and few in the cluster, or solitary, the 

 bract usually longer than in the male, and often fringed or ciliate. 



The genus is generally spread over tropical Asia and Africa. Of the five Australian species 

 two are also in the Eastern Archipelago, ■ one of them extending over tlie greater part of East 

 India and S. China, the other three are endemic. The genus is closely allied to Mallotus, 

 although most species differ in habit, and some have a different female perianth, or fewer 

 stamens, or the ovary reduced to a single cell and ovule, but the only constant character is that 

 of the anthers. — Benth. 



Leaves oblong elliptical or lanceolate, penniveined or scarcely 3-nerved at 

 the base. Bracts very small and entire. 

 Inflorescences including the peduncle under lin. Ovary not muricate, 



2>[!.elled. Styles short ■ ... 1. J/. Dallachyi. 



Inflorescences 2 to 4in. long. Ovary muricate, usually 2-celled. Styles 

 long and filiform. 

 Leaves mostly toothed, pale underneath with numerous minute scales. 



Female perianth lobes lanceolate, free 2. M. subdentata. 



Leaves mostly entire, green underneath with few scattered minute 



scales. Female perianth usually spathaoeous " . . . 3. 31. inamana. 



Leaves very broad, palminerved. Bracts as long as or longer than the 

 flowers and toothed or fringed. 

 Leaves slightly peltate. Stipules subulate. Ovary 1 or 2-pelled ... 4. U. involucrata 

 Leaves deeply peltate. Stipules broad. Ovary 3-oelled 5. 31. Tanarius. 



1. M. Dallachyi (after J. Dallachy), F. v. M. ; Benth. Fl. Austr. vi. 144. 

 A shrub variously described as small and straggling or tall, glabrous, except a 

 small scaly tomentum on the inflorescence and young branches. Leaves ellip- 

 tical or oblong, acuminate, penniveined, usually with a few depressed glands on 

 the upper surface near the base, 8 to 5in. long, on a petiole of i to lin. Male 

 spikes intermixed with the females, | to lin. long. Bracts and flowers very 

 small, but the anthers entirely those of Macamiiga. Perianth-segments 

 usually 3, about ^ line long, glabrous or sprinkled with a very few scales. 

 Female flowers 2 to 4 together almost clustered on axillary peduncles varying 

 from \ to lin. Bracts small, entire. Perianth short and cup-shaped, 

 opening laterally or rarely in 2 lobes. Ovary 2-celled, scaly-tomentose, without 

 processes. Styles linear, thickened at the base, not fringed, rather acute, about 1 

 line long. — MallotUK Dallachyi, F. v. M. Fragm. vi. 184 ; Echinus Dallachyanus, 

 Baill. Adans. vi. 314. 



Hab.: Kockingham Bay, Dallachy. 



The specimens examined by Baillon had female flowers only, but with them were loose male 

 flowers and remains of spikes which belonged probably to diallotus polyadenus, thence Baillon's 

 mistake in referring 31. Dallachyi to 3Iallotus.— Benth. 



