1452 CXVII. EUPHORBIACE^E. [Macaranga. 



5. IVE. Tanarius, Muell Air/, in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 997 ; Benth. Fl. Austr. vi. 

 146. " Tumkullum," Stradbroke Island, Watkins. " Do-ang-al," Morehead 

 River, Both. A tall erect shrub, glabrous or the young parts minutely pubescent 

 in the typical form, the branches and petioles often very glaucous. Leaves pel- 

 tate, very broadly ovate or orbicular, acuminate or rarely obtuse, entire or 

 obscurely sinuate,, from 3 to 4in. to nearly 1ft. diameter, pale or almost canescent 

 underneath, with about 9 nerves radiating from the top of the long petiole, penni- 

 veined from the larger nerves with transverse veinlefcs. Stipules ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute, -J-in. long, with broad membranous margins. Male panicles often much 

 branched but shorter than the leaves, the flowers pedicellate in the clusters. 

 Bracts ovate-lanceolate, concave, 2 to 3 lines long, fringed with long cilia. 

 Perianth-segments scarcely ^ line long. Female pedancles simple, bearing few 

 clusters. Perianth obliquely cup-shaped. Bracts ovate-cordate, often 4 to 6 lines 

 long, deeply fringed. Ovary muricate with glabrous entire or bifid processes. 

 Styles rather long, papillose or shortly fringed. Capsule 3-celled, coriaceous, 

 shortly and sparingly muricate, about 4 lines diameter. — Pacinus Tanarius, Linn.; 

 Mappa tanaria, Spreng. Syst. iii. 878. 



Hab.: Northumberland Islands, I{. Brown; Howiok's Group, F. v. Mueller; Port Denison 

 and Rockingham Bay, DallacJiy, Fit:idan; Broadsouud and head of Isaacs River, jBowjHun ; 

 Rockhampton, Thonet ; Moretoii Bay, W. Hill, F. v. Mueller; Liverpool Eiver, Gulliver; 

 Taylor's Range, and Islands of Moreton Bay. 



Wood of a light colour, soft and close grained. — Bailey's Cat. Ql. Woods, No. 381. 



Fibre used for twine and timber for spears. — Both. 



Var. tomentosa, Muell. Arg. Leaves softly tomentose. Capsules rather larger. — Rockingham 

 Bay, Dallachy. 



The species extends over East India and the Archipelago northward to South China. 



87. *RICINUS, Linn. 

 (From the resemblance of the seed to a tick). 



Flowers large, in terminal subpaniculate racemes, monoecious, apetalous, the 

 upper male crowded, lower female. Disk none. Male flower ; Calyx membranous, 

 sphtting into 3 to 5 valvate segments. Stamens numerous, filaments crowded, 

 variously connate or in branching clusters ; anther-cells^distinct, distant, sub- 

 globose, divergent. Pistillode none. Female flower : t)alyx spathaceous, 

 caducous. Ovary 3-celled ; styles short or long, spreading, often very large, 

 entire, 2-fid or 2-partite, feathery or papillose; cells 1-ovulate. Capsule of 3 

 2-valved cocci. Seeds oblong, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy; cotyledons 

 broad, flat. — Tall glabrous subarboreous shrubs. 



Species generally tropical. 



1. B>. communis (common), Linn. The Castor Oil Plant. An evergreen, 

 usually large shrub, the young growth often glaucous. Leaves green or reddish, 

 6 to 24in. in diameter, membranous, palmately lobed, the lobes often long and 

 linear and glandularly serrate ; petioles 4 to 12in, or more long. Racemes stout, 

 erect. Male flowers ^in. diameter ; female calyx nearly as long'; styles often 

 highly coloured. Capsule ^ to lin. long, globosely oblong, smooth or echinate. 

 Seeds oblong smooth, mottled. 



Hab.: Naturalised in most parts especially near large towns South and North. 



Supposed to belong to Africa, but now naturalised in most hot countries. 



38. TRAGIA, Linn. 



(After Jerome Bock, a German botanist ; generally oalbd Trarjus, the 



Greek for Bock [Buck] .) 



Flowers moncecious, in terminal or lateral racemes. Male flower ; Perianth 



globular in the bud, of 5, 4 or 3 valvate segments. Disk none or with a slightly 



prominent margin. Petals none. Stamens numerous or few, the filaments 



free or connate, sometimes very short. Anthers dorsally attached, the cells 



