PINACEAE 
Red Pine. Norway Pine 
Pinus resinosa Ait. 
HABIT.—A large tree 70-80 feet high, with a trunk diameter 
of 2-3 feet; stout, horizontal branches form a broad, rounded, 
rather open crown. 
LEAVES.—In clusters of two; 4-6 inches long; slender, 
straight, needle-shaped, sharp-pointed, flexible, from elongated, 
persistent sheaths; lustrous dark green. Persistent 4-5 years. 
FLOWERS.—April-May; monoecious; the staminate in ob- 
long, dense clusters, 14-34 inch long, composed of many sessile, 
purple anthers imbricated upon a central axis; the pistillate single 
or few-clustered at the end of the branchlets, subglobose; scales 
ovate, searlet, borne on stout peduncles covered with pale brown 
bracts. 
FRUIT.—Autumn of second season, falling the next sum- 
mer; ovoid-conical, nearly sessile cones, about 2 inches long; 
scales thickened at the apex; seeds oval, compressed, light mot- 
tled-brown, with wings 14-34 inch long. 
WINTER-BUDS.—About 34 inch long, ovoid or conical, 
acute, red-brown, with rather loose scales. 
BARK.—Twigs orange-brown, becoming rough with the per- 
sistent bases of leaf-buds; thick and red-brown on the trunk, 
shallowly fissured into broad, flat ridges. 
WOOD.—Light, hard, very close-grained, pale red, with thin, 
yellow to white sapwood. 
DISTRIBUTION.—Very abundant in Clare County and 
northward; frequent on the east side uf the state as far south 
as Port Huron. 
HABITAT.—Sandy plains and dry woods. 
NOTES.—Rapid of growth on the better soils. Difficult to 
transplant. 
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