JUGLANDACEAE 
Butternut 
Juglans cinerea L. 
HABIT.—A medium-sized tree 40-60 feet high, with a short 
trunk 2-3 feet in diameter; forming a wide-spreading crown of 
large, ‘horizontal branches and stout, stiff branchlets. 
LEAVES.—Alternate, compound, 15-30 inches long. Leaflets 
II-17, 2-4 inches long and one-half as broad; sessile, except the 
terminal; oblong-lanceolate; finely serrate; thin; yellow-green 
and rugose above, pale and soft-pubescent beneath. Petioles 
stout, hairy. 
FLOWERS.—May, with the leaves; monoecious; the stamin- 
ate in cylindrical, greenish, drooping catkins 3-5 inches long; 
calyx 6-lobed, borne on a hairy bract; corolla 0; stamens 8-12, 
with brown anthers; the pistillate solitary or several on a com- 
mon peduncle, about % inch long, their bracts and bractlets 
sticky-hairy; calyx 4-lobed, hairy; corolla 0; styles 2; stigmas 2, 
fringed, spreading, bright red. 
FRUIT.— October ; about 2% inches long, cylindrical, pointed, 
greenish, sticky-downy, solitary or borne in drooping clusters of 
3-5; nuts with rough shells, inclosing a sweet, but oily’ kernel; 
edible. 
WINTER-BUDS.—Terminal bud %4-34 inch long, oblong- 
conical, obliquely blunt, somewhat flattened, brownish, pubescent. 
BARK.—Twigs orange-brown or bright green, rusty-pube- 
scent, becoming smooth and light gray; gray and smoothish on 
young trunks, becoming brown on old trunks, narrow-ridged, with 
wide furrows. 
WOOD.—Light, soft, weak, coarse-grained, light brown, with 
thin, lighter colored sapwood. 
DISTRIBUTION.—Of common occurrence in the southern 
half of the Lower Peninsula. 
HABITAT.—Prefers low, rich woods; river-banks; low hill- 
sides. 
NOTES.—Leaves appear late and fall early. Pith chambered, 
chocolate-brown. Large trees usually unsound. Not easily trans- 
planted. 
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